Democratic Justice, page 123
374
Holmes: BaltSun, 3/4/1941, at 13.
374
lukewarm: FF to MLH, 2/4/1941, R&FF, 580–81 & FF, Memorandum, at 1, FDRL, PSF, Box 135.
374
“add”: FF to CCB, 1/29/1941, at 1, CCBP, Box 5, Folder 5-2.
374
“I Told”: WES, 2/5/1941, at 1.
375
refused to work: David Halberstam, The Powers That Be, 173 (1979) (interview with Kay Graham).
375
switched: FM to FF, 5/29/1941, FFHLS, Pt. I, Reel 4, Page 195 (FF handwritten).
375
“You’re” & “Black and Company”: FFR Transcript, 8/28/1957, at 8, FFLC, Box 206. See FF handwritten notes, n.d., Bridges v. California, FFHLS, Pt. I, Reel 4, Page 167; FF to AMB, 7/1963, at 1–2, FFHLS, Pt. III, Reel 33, at 51–52; FF to FM, 10/1946, at 4–5, Gressman Papers, Box 1, Folder 69 (informing him of LDB’s “shock” over FM’s vote in Bridges case). Scholars have questioned FF’s invocation of LDB on Gobitis and Bridges. H.N. Hirsch, The Enigma of Felix Frankfurter 243 n.190 (1981) (based on conversation with anti-FF scholar Alpheus Thomas Mason). LDB, however, felt strongly about the autonomy of state courts and may have deferred to the California Supreme Court’s decision.
375
“deep” & “among”: FF to CCB, 6/4/1941, CCBP, Box 5, Folder 5-3.
375
great chief: FF, “ ‘The Administrative Side’ of Chief Justice Hughes,” 63 Harv. L. Rev. 1 (1949).
375–376
“knew” & “I wish” & “the Nation’s” & “candor”: FF, Memorandum, “H.F.S. & C.J’ship,” 6/9/1941, at 1–2, FFHLS, Pt. III, Reel 4, Pages 472–73 & Alpheus Thomas Mason, Harlan Fiske Stone, 566–67 (1956). See FDR Day by Day, 6/5/1941 (CEH lunch); Id., 6/9/1941 (FF lunch); FF to CCB, 6/12/1941, at 2, FFLC, Box 34 (handwritten p.s.: “Bob Jackson was perfectly handsome about it—for his ‘build-up’ was absurd.”); FF to PAF, 9/24/1963, at 1, FFHLS, Pt. III, Reel 38, Page 353.
376
“delighted”: FF to LH, 7/30/1941, at 2, LHP, Box 105A, Folder 105-8.
376
Henkin: HMH to FF, 3/8/1941, at 3, FFHLS, Pt. III, Reel 16, Page 574; FF to LH, 3/18/1941, FFLC, Box 64; LH to FF, 3/18/1941, id.; FF to Henkin, 4/30/1941, FFHLS, Pt. III, Reel 28, Page 807.
376
“not a brilliant”: Norman I. Silber, With All Deliberate Speed: The Life of Philip Elman, 71 (2004); PE, Int. by Norman Silber, “The Solicitor General’s Office, Justice Frankfurter, and Civil Rights Litigation, 1946–1960,” 100 Harv. L. Rev. 817 (1987).
376
Stimson frequently: HLSD, 5/8/1941, Reel 6, Vol. 34, Page 18; HLSD, 5/25/1941, id., Page 65; HLSD, 5/26/1941, id., Page 73; HLSD, 5/27/1941, id., Page 74; FF to FDR, 5/25/1941, R&FF, 600 (HLS’s letter).
376–377
“I have” & “For”: FF to FDR, 5/28/1941, id. at 601–2 & FDRL, PSF, Box 135 (enclosing BaltSun cartoon).
377
“ideal”: FF to FDR, 6/15/1941, R&FF, 607–8 (enclosing memorandum); FF to FDR, 6/14/1941, id. at 607 (lunch).
377
“war” & “The Civil War” & “a country” & “expanded” & “more democratic”: FF, 6/18/1941, “Democracy and False Shibboleths,” Radcliffe Quarterly (August 1941): 7–9, FFLC, Box 198.
377
“covered”: SGates to FF, 5/26/1941, at 4, FFLC, Box 57.
377
machine gunner: PGates to MDF, 5/27/1941, at 1–2, id.; SGates to FF, 6/1/1941, at 2, id.
377
photographs: FF to MLH, 5/21/1941, R&FF, 598.
377
“delighted”: FDR to FF, 5/26/1941, id. & Gates Family Papers (FF handwritten note about 6/10 visit); FDR Day by Day, 6/10/1941.
377
“Uncle Felix”: Beatrice Gates to MDF, 6/11/1941, at 4, FFLC, Box 57.
377
Draper & Maine: FF to CCB, 4/23/1941, at 2, CCBP, Box 5, Folder 5-2; MDF to PGates, n.d., at 3–7, Gates Family Papers.
377
“as there’s”: Nana to MDF, 7/7/1941, at 1, FFLC, Box 57.
377–378
sailing & boats & picture: Nana to MDF, 7/22/1941, at 1, id. (boats and picture); Nana to MDF, 8/11/1941, at 2, id.
378
Felix visited: FF to JB, 7/18/1941, JBP, Box 8, Folder 3; ER, My Day, 7/14/1941 & 7/15/1941 & 7/16/1941; MDF to SGates & PGates, 8/13/1941, at 3–4, Gates Family Papers.
378
Morgenthau, Jr. & “I might”: MDF to Beatrice Gates, 7/20/1941, at 4–5, id.
378
national news: 87 Cong. Rec. App. A3284–85 (1941); NYHT, 6/19/1941, at 20; CSM, 6/18/1941, at 1.
378
sent a copy: FF to MLH, 6/25/1941, FDRL, PSF, Box 135 (enclosing speech in BG, 6/18/1941).
378
“we have”: FF to FDR, 7/19/1941, R&FF, 610.
378
“a motley”: NYT, 7/20/1941, at 23.
378
“If somebody”: FDR to FF, 7/25/1941, R&FF, 611.
378
Atlantic Charter: Sherwood, Roosevelt and Hopkins, 349–65.
378
“truth”: FF to FDR, 8/18/1941, R&FF, 612 (emphasis in original).
378
3:30 p.m.: FDR Day by Day, 9/26/1941.
379
“In memory”: FF, Memorandum, 9/27/1941, at 1–2, FFLC, Box 98.
379
Amberg: FF to HLS, 10/3/1940, at 1–2, HLSP, Reel 102, Page 474–75; WP, 1/15/1941, at 14.
379
Bundy: HLSD, 4/6/1941, Reel 6, Vol. 33, Page 141.
379
McCloy & Lovett: HLSD, 4/22/1941, id., Page 178.
379
Acheson: FF to DA, 2/17/1941, DAP, Reel 7, Box 11, Folder 142. See DA, Present at the Creation, 4–35 (1969); Robert L. Beisner, Dean Acheson, 13–27 (2006); Michael F. Hopkins, Dean Acheson and the Obligations of Power (2017).
379
role model: HLSD, 5/8/1941, at 4, id., Vol. 34, Page 21.
379
angling: AABD, 10/24/1941, at 2, Reel 3; id., 3/10/1942, at 3.
379
“the Frankfurter boys”: AABD, 2/11/1941, at 2, Reel 2.
379
“For a”: FF to FDR, 1/8/1941, R&FF, 577–78.
379
“how much”: FDR to TGC, 1/20/1941, at 1, FDRL, PSF, Box 128.
379
assistant secretary: TGC, Rendezvous with Democracy, at Chapter X/Pages 35–36, TGCP, Box 586; BDE, 3/9/1941, at 12A.
380
clean break: AABD, 1/21/1941, at 3, Reel 2.
380
defense contracts: CT, 5/4/1941, at 22; CT, 9/20/1941, at 8.
380
clear his name: NYHT, 12/17/1941, at 19; NYT, 12/17/1941, at 20.
380
Peggy Dowd & Irish neutrality: TGC, Rendezvous with Democracy, at Credo/17–Credo/18, Chapter X/Pages 15–17, 31–38.
380
Guthrie & hurt: FF to TGC, 9/11/1940, TGCP, Box 198; FF to Corcoran, circa 1940, id.
380
four other justices & Rowe: TGC, Rendezvous with Democracy, at Chapter X/Pages 33–34; Memorandum from James Rowe to FDR, 6/25/1941, FDRL, PSF, Box 164 (endorsements from SFR, WOD, and HLB, but not FM and agreeing with FF); HID, 9/28/1941, Reel 4, Vol. 40, at 5916 (agreeing with FF but believing TGC “has had a very rotten deal at the hands of the administration”).
380
Pearson: DFP, 9/29/1941, at 6.
380
“stormed” & never: TGC, Rendezvous with Democracy, at Chapter X/Pages 36–38. At a 1942 Union Station farewell for JLR, TGC saw FF and walked away. JLR Int. with Lash, 11/16/1983, at 1, Lash Papers, Box 65, Folder 2; JLR Int. with Lash, 4/13/1984, at 2, id.; Indianapolis Star, 6/13/1942, at 10.
380
“I put”: JLR Int. in Katie Louchheim, ed., The Making of the New Deal, 67 (1983). See JLR Int. with Joseph Lash, 6/10/1986, Lash Papers, Box 65, Folder 2; EFP Int. in Louchheim, Making of the New Deal, 69–70; Bruce Allen Murphy, The Brandeis/Frankfurter Connection, 190–94 (1982) (based on ints. with BVC, TGC, and JLR).
380
lackey & solicitor general: JLR Int. with Lash, 11/16/1983, at 1–2, Lash Papers, Box 65, Folder 2; JLR Int. with Lash, 12/1983, at 1–2, id.; JLR Int. with Lash, 9/29/1982, at 1–2, id., Box 68, Folder 2.
380
“his self-indulgence”: IB to Marie & Mendel Berlin, 10/26/1941, IB, Letters 1928–1946, at 381–82.
380
“most heartening”: LDB to FF, 8/24/1941, HBHS, 634.
380–381
“Are the” & “I believe”: Lilienthal Diary, 10/2/1941, David E. Lilienthal, The Journals of David E. Lilienthal: The TVA Years, 1939–1945, 383 (1964).
381
Rosensohn: NYT, 5/12/1939, at 26.
381
Abbott: FF, “Grace Abbott: Social Inventor,” The Child (August 1939): 49–50, in FFLC, Box 198.
381
Lothian: WP, 12/15/1940, at 1.
381
Buckner: NYT, 3/14/1941, at 20; FF to CCB, 3/11/1941, CCBP, Box 5, Folder 5-2.
381
Christie: FF to FDR, 4/8/1941, R&FF, 595; WES, 4/10/1941, at A-2.
381
book collection & Gestapo & National Library: Evelyn Adunka, “Salomon Frankfurter (1856–1941),” Bibliotheken in der NS-Zeit, 214–15 (Stefan Alker et al., eds. 2008); Evelyn Adunka, “Salomon Frankfurter,” Österreichiches Biographisches Lexikon (ÖBL) Online Edition, Lfg. 5 (11/25/2016); Murray G. Hall & Christina Köstner, “ . . . allerlei für die Nationalbibliothek zu ergattern . . . ” Eine österreichische Institution in der NS-Zeit 268–69 (2006).
381
requests & Lisa: Evelyn Adunka, Der Raub Der Bücher, 212–13 (2002) (Elizabeth “Lisa” Frank estimated private library worth $50,000); Elfi Hartenstein, Jüdische Frauen im New Yorker Exil, 47 (1999) (Lisa joined brother in United States) (based on int. with Elizabeth “Lisa” Frank (née Frankfurter)); Ferdinand Baumgartner, “Habent sua fata bibliothecarii,” Artibus atque modis (2011): 182–83; Elizabeth “Lisa” Frankfurter to JB, 12/2/1940, JBP, Box 8, Folder 3.
381
“He is”: FF to JB, 8/21/1941, at 1–2, JBP, Box 8, Folder 3.
381
“well”: FF to JB, 9/5/1941, id.
381
Quaker contacts: JB to FF, 9/9/1941, id.
381
bronchitis: Vienna obituary, n.d., Salomon Frankfurter Papers, Section 7, at 26. See NYT, 10/23/1941, at 23 (indicating Salomon planned on moving to United States); Hartenstein, Jüdische Frauen im New Yorker Exil, 47 (father rejected visa according to daughter Lisa).
381
two years: FF to Adolph Lippe, 10/28/1941, FFLC, Box 123; FF to MML, 11/6/1941, at 1, MMLP.
381
“the true”: FF to HJL, 11/17/1941, at 1, FFLC, Box 75. See FF to FDR, 10/24/1941 & FDR to FF, 10/27/1941 & FF to FDR, 10/29/1941, R&FF, 619–20.
381–382
“strange” & “he was not”: FF to Bernard Flexner, 10/28/1941, Flexner Papers, Box 4.
382
coma: Melvin I. Urofsky, Louis D. Brandeis, 753 (2009).
382
“The morning”: FF to HJL, 11/17/1941, at 1.
382
“extensive” & “If”: Milk Wagon Drivers v. Meadowmoor Dairies, 312 U.S. 287, 299 (1941).
382
Greene: Nathan Greene to FF, 6/9/1941, FFHLS, Pt. III, Reel 10, Page 662.
382
“When Brandeis”: FF to Greene, 6/10/1941, at 2, id., Page 664.
383
tears: Walter Brandeis Raushenbush Int. with author, 10/16/2019.
383
hardest: FF to Flexner, 10/28/1941. See FF to DA, 10/9/1941, DAP, Reel 7 Box 11, Folder 142.
383
“His pursuit” & “found” & “My Sword”: “Remarks of Mr. Justice Frankfurter at the funeral services of Mr. Justice Brandeis,” 10/7/1941, FFLC, Box 201 & Appendix to 87 Cong. Rec. A4762 (1941).
383
article: FR, “Felix Frankfurter, Conservative,” Harper’s magazine (October 1941): 449.
383
“one”: FF to FWB, 7/29/1960, FFLC, Box 40. See FR to John M. Gaus, 2/18/1944, FRP, Box 10 (“I found him an amiable although not exciting teacher” & “At any rate, I used to like Felix, and he me.”).
383
Hand & fellowship: FF to FR, 12/15/1930, FRP, Box 2; FF to FR, 12/24/1930, id.
383
Pinchot: FF to FR, 1/10/1931, id.; FF to FR, 3/27/1931, id.
383
“intellectual”: FR, Woe Unto You, Lawyers! x (1939).
383
criticizing: FF to FR, 2/7/1940, FFLC, 97; FF to FR, 2/13/1940, FRP, Box 2.
384
“stiletto”: FR to FF, 2/3/1940, FFLC, Box 97 (Helvering v. Hallock, 309 U.S. 106 (1940)).
384
“I still”: FR to FF, 2/11/1940, at 2, id. (emphasis in original). See FR to FF, n.d., id.
384
chambers: FR to FF, 2/18/1941, MMLP, & Thomas Reed Powell Papers, Box B, Folder B24.
384
baffled: FF to JB, 10/2/1941, JBP, Box 8, Folder 3.
384
Shulman: FR, “Felix Frankfurter: Conservative,” 459; FR to WOD, 3/7/1941, WODP, Box 367, Folder 6 (claiming Journal requested it, then rejected it at behest of “Felix’s representative on the faculty”); FF to Shulman, 5/3/1941 & Shulman to FF, 5/11/1941, FRP, Box 5 (asking Shulman, who denied FR’s account).
384
“shocking”: FR to Gaus, 2/18/1944.
384
mentioned: Indiana Evening Gazette, 7/27/1938, at 4; Coshocton (Ohio) Tribune, 8/3/1938, at 4.
384
critical: Walton Hamilton, “Preview of a Justice,” 48 Yale L.J. 819 (1939) (criticizing FF and Law and Politics); FR, “A Sprig of Rosemary for Hammy,” 68 Yale L.J. 401 (1959); DA to AM, 5/25/1939, at 1, DAP, Reel 13, Box 21, Folder 268 (commenting on AM’s draft introduction to Law and Politics, DA wrote that some of its words and phrases “I associate with the resentful, inferiority complex school of writing typified by Fred Rodell, Walter [sic] Hamilton, Drew Pearson, etc.”).
384
memorandum & critiques: “Hammy” to FR, 5/31/1941, FRP, Box 3 (congratulating him on book review that separated “the satellite Murphy sharply from the planet Felix about which it was revolving? Keep it up until even the luminous body FF takes a new orbit.”); “Hammy” to FR, 6/6/1941, at 1–2, id., Box 1 (including Thurman Arnold’s line that “the difference between FF and Sutherland—Sutherland wears his whiskers on the outside”).
384
“surprised”: FR, “Felix Frankfurter, Conservative,” 457–59.
384
Brahmin & polls: Id. at 449–51.
384
“Felix hasn’t” & “a tragic” & “as the Court” & “as great”: Id. at 459.
384
Yale-Harvard rivalry: FF to CCB, 9/26/1941, at 1, CCBP, Box 5, Folder 5-3 (“Marion asked me what Rodell’s animus is. . . . I can’t for the life of me explain it except for the deep rooted, silly feeling against the H.L.S. that dominates so many of the Yale Law School people, plus also, the fundamental belief of so many of this crowd that law is merely a disguised way of translating sectarian political and economic desires into action”); FFR Transcript, 1/10/1955, at 28–29, FFLC, Box 205 (describing FR as “psychopathic. I think there’s something the matter with him.”); Andrew Yaphe, “ ‘Reputation, Reputation, Reputation,’ ” 36 J. Legal Prof. 441, 443 (2012) (attributing to “reproduction of hierarchy”).
385
“blind” & “pathetic” & “expressed”: JB to FR, 1/13/1942, at 1–2, MMLP.
385
Roedelheim: Frederick Bernays Wiener, Book Review, 51 Nw. U. L. Rev. 155, 160 & n.50 (1956) (reviewing FR, Nine Men (1955)); FR to FF, 5/29/1956, FFHLS, Pt. III, Reel 32, Page 94 (rejecting Wiener’s insinuation that he was “referring to your Jewish ancestry” but to his Austrian heritage in a line in Nine Men about Frankfurter’s “roots . . . thousands of miles to the East in a civilization long past its prime”).
385
numerous conversations: HLSD, 9/11/1941, Reel 7, Vol. 35, Page 60; HLSD, 10/19/1941, id., Page 141 & 10/21/1941, id., at Page 146; HLSD, 11/6/1941, id., Vol. 36, Page 55; JJMD, 8/15/1941, 9/12/1941, and 10/21/1941.
385
“extremely”: HLSD, 12/1/1941, Reel 7, Vol. 35, Page 83.
385
leaked: BKW, Yankee from the West, 32–36 (1962); CT, 12/4/1941, at 1; JJMD, 12/4/1941; JJMD, 12/5/1941.
386
painful: MDF to PGates, 11/6/1941, at 2–4 & MDF to PGates, 1/31/1942, at 1–5, Gates Family Papers.
386
“Since”: FF to MML, 11/6/1941, MMLP.
386
“wears”: IB to Marie and Mendel Berlin, 10/26/1941, IB, Letters 1928–1946, at 382.
386
“I do not”: MDF to Beatrice Gates, 7/20/1941, at 1–2.
CHAPTER 24: F.F.’S SOLILOQUY
387
Desvernine: JJMD, 12/7/1941.
