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Rickard, J. (20 January 2007), Battle of Wake Island, 8-23 December 1941. http://www.historyofwar.org/articles/battles_wake_island.html
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“The Sinking of Panay, 12 December 1937,” online. Excerpted from Morison, Samuel Eliot. History of United States Naval Operations in World War II, Volume 3: The Rising Sun in the Pacific, 16-18. http://www.ibiblio.org/hyperwar/USN/ships/dafs/PR/pr5-sinking.html
The Takao Club, Part Two: “The Wreck of the SS President Hoover.” http://www.takaoclub.com/hoover/wreck.htm
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Photograph Credits Guide
Hawaii State Archives: HA
Imperial Japanese Navy: IJN
Matson Navigation Company: MNC
National Archives: NA
National Archives Pacific Alaska Region: NAPAR
National Archives Pacific Region: NAPR
National Naval Aviation Museum Collection: NNAM
National Park Service, Arizona Memorial: NPSAM
National Park Service, San Francisco Maritime Museum and National Historical Park Library: NPSSFHMML
Naval History and Heritage Command: NHHC
San Francisco Airport Museum Collection, gift of United Airlines: SFAMC
San Francisco History Center, San Francisco Public Library: SFHC
University of Detroit Mercy Library, Photographic digital image from the Fr. Edward J. Dowling, S.J. Marine Historical Collection: UDML
University of Hawaii, Hamilton Library Archives and Special Collections: UHHL
Pan American World Airways, Inc. Records, Special Collections, University of Miami Libraries, Coral Gables, Florida: PAAR/UMLSCF
US Air Force: USAF
US Air Force Museum: USAFM
US Army: USA
U.S. Army Military History Institute, World War II Signal Corps Photograph Collection: USAMHI
USMC Archives and Special Collections, Jordan Collection: USMCASC
US Marine Corps History Center: USMCHC
US Navy: USN
Robert Lee and Mary Joleen Border: Borders’ Collection
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Surprise and wonder never cease when researching and writing history. The decision to write a history sometimes comes slowly. In this instance, courageous people who lived the events drew me toward researching another world and another era. When I first met Robert Lee “Bob” Border and his lovely wife of sixty-two years, Mary Joleen “Joey” Border, it was Saturday morning, 6 December 2003, an auspicious date. The day we met was the 62nd anniversary of the last day of peace for The Territory of Hawaii and the United States of America, before the nation and its territories were thrust headlong into World War II.
There was a gathering of West Point and Annapolis graduates to watch the traditional Army-Navy football game on a large-screen television. Paul Adams, the host for the morning’s activities, was aware of my first two military history books, and urged me to “…go meet Bob Border. He’s a 1939 graduate of the Naval Academy, and was assigned to the USS Tennessee at Pearl Harbor.” Curiosity seized the moment. In the intervening years since the Japanese attack I had never talked in any detail with anyone who was at Pearl Harbor or anywhere on the island of Oahu on December 7, 1941.
After walking to the table, introducing myself and explaining I was a writer, I asked Bob, a retired Navy commander, if he would permit me to take a photograph. As I was to learn, he was truly an officer and a gentleman. While taking the snapshot, I heard a small woman’s voice from across the table. “Why don’t you tell her story?”
She was Joey’s friend, and began to describe some of Joey’s experiences during that December so long ago. An introduction and conversation with Joey revealed she had written recollections of her journey home from Hawaii in late December of 1941. “Would you be willing to send a copy to me?” I asked. “Perhaps someone will publish your story.” She said she would, and I handed her a business card.
Four days later, the copy arrived, a brief, unforgettable story. I had to know more, and called, asking for an interview. The first of many sessions was 22 January 2004. At the time, a book wasn’t yet on the horizon - but the belief this would be an article soon receded into the background. By the end of April 2004, facts derived from interviews and early research whetted my curiosity even more, and convinced me there was considerably more than an article to be written. Thus began my third passage into researching and writing a major history.
This would not be about a fierce, five-day, Korean War infantry battle for a single hill along a 155-mile front that was a throw-back to the bloody trench and bunker warfare of World War I. This time, the work reflects the coming of age of air power combined with naval power and land-based air power, and would be about a single, savage, earth-shaking, surprise air attack - a raid scarcely two hours in duration - launched from six aircraft carriers into a complex of interrelated air, sea and land battlefields, as the foreword states, in a far different era.
In 1930, Albert Einstein also wrote these words in What I Believe. “The most beautiful thing we can experience is the mysterious. It is the source of all true art and science.” In addition to At Dawn We Slept, seven other works were of great value in viewing Pearl Harbor through a different, complementary lens.
