Picasso's War, page 48
10. CUBISTS AT WAR
Juan Gris to Kahnweiler, August 1, 1914, in Richardson, Life of Picasso: Painter of Modern Life, 344.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 1
Richardson, Life of Picasso: Painter of Modern Life, 235–46.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 2
Richardson, Life of Picasso: Painter of Modern Life, 277.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 3
Eva Gouel to Stein, October 6, 1914, and Picasso to Stein, October 19, 1914, in Madeline, Correspondence: Picasso and Stein, 162–64.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 4
Claire Maingon, Le Musée invisible: Le Louvre et la grande guerre (1914–1921) (Paris: Musée du Louvre Éditions, 2016), 48, 62–63.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 5
Assouline, Artful Life, 117.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 6
Daniela L. Caglioti, “Property Rights in Time of War: Sequestration and Liquidation of Enemy Aliens’ Assets in Western Europe During the First World War,” Journal of Modern European History, vol. 12, no. 4 (2014), 525.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 7
Quinn had advised the U.S. Senate on the Trading with the Enemy Act, which was signed into law in October 1917. Reid, Man from New York, 322. By the end of the war, the United States had seized more than $470 million in property belonging to Germany and its allies. “The Disposal of Alien Property,” in Editorial Research Reports, vol. 3 (Washington, D.C.: CQ Press, 1925), 540.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 8
Kahnweiler, My Galleries and Painters, 50.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 9
Vérane Tasseau, “Les Ventes de séquestre du marchand Daniel-Henry Kahnweiler (1921–1923),” Archives juives, vol. 50, no. 1 (2017), 27.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 10
Olivier, Picasso and His Friends, 119.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 11
Picasso to Guillaume Apollinaire, December 22 and 31, 1914, in Caizergues and Seckel, Picasso/Apollinaire, 122–25.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 12
Picasso to Apollinaire, April 24, 1915, in Caizergues and Seckel, Picasso/Apollinaire, 133. On Doucet, see Madeline, Correspondence: Picasso and Stein, 169n3.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 13
Danchev, Braque, 125.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 14
Picasso to Roché, May 24[?], 1915, in Danchev, Braque, 127.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 15
Quinn to Alice Thursby, November 11, 1914.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 16
Maud Gonne to Quinn, January 7 and April 22, 1915, in Londraville, Too Long a Sacrifice, 146–49; Gonne to Quinn, May 4, 1915, in Reid, Man from New York, 217.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 17
Quinn to Gonne, June 8, 1915, in Londraville, Too Long a Sacrifice, 149.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 18
Henri Gaudier-Brzeska to Ezra Pound, June 3, 1915, in Pound, Memoir of Gaudier-Brzeska, 63–64.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 19
According to Gertrude Stein, Picasso said, “C’est nous qui a fait ça.” Stein, Autobiography of Alice B. Toklas, 110.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 20
Jean Paulhan, Braque le patron (Paris: Gallimard, 1986), 134, quoted in Caizergues and Seckel, Picasso/Apollinaire, 128n4.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 21
Picasso to Apollinaire, February 7, 1915, in Caizergues and Seckel, Picasso/Apollinaire, 128–29.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 22
André Dunoyer de Segonzac to Quinn, March 21, 1918.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 23
Quinn to Segonzac, January 17, 1916.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 24
Franz Marc to Maria Marc, February 6, 1916, in Briefe aus dem Feld 1914–1916 (Berlin: Rembrandt-Verlag, 1959), 141–42.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 25
Klee’s efforts later inspired an absurdist short story by Donald Barthelme in which one of his camouflaged warplanes mysteriously vanishes from a transport train. Klee resolves the problem by “repainting” the shipping manifest. Donald Barthelme, “Engineer-Private Paul Klee Misplaces an Aircraft Between Milbertshofen and Cambrai, March 1916,” New Yorker, April 3, 1971.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 26
Picasso to Apollinaire, February 7, 1915, in Caizergues and Seckel, Picasso/Apollinaire, 128–29.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 27
Richardson has likened the drawing to Mantegna’s Dead Christ. Richardson, Life of Picasso: Painter of Modern Life, 375.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 28
Picasso to Stein, January 8, 1916, in Madeline, Correspondence: Picasso and Stein, 180.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 29
O’Brian, Picasso, 215.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 30
Jacques Doucet to Roché, undated [1916], in Richardson, Life of Picasso: Painter of Modern Life, 399.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 31
Quinn to James Huneker, April 6, 1916.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 32
11. A NEW BEGINNING
Foster to William M. Murphy, March 27, 1968, in Londraville, Dear Yeats, Dear Pound, 136.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 1
Quinn to John Butler Yeats, November 23, 1918.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 2
Londraville, Dear Yeats, Dear Pound, 137.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 3
The book had been prepared for the Irish Convention, an assembly convened in Dublin in 1917–18 in an ultimately unsuccessful attempt to reach a constitutional settlement for Ireland. Reid, Man from New York, 330, 358–59.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 4
Ezra Pound to Quinn, February 19, 1918.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 5
Alfred Knopf to Quinn, August 17, 1917, in Reid, Man from New York, 279.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 6
Standish O’Grady to Quinn, October 10, 1917, in Reid, Man from New York, 271.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 7
Quinn to T. W. Rolleston, September 15, 1918.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 8
Quinn to Joseph Conrad, February 18, 1918, in Reid, Man from New York, 335.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 9
Quinn to John Butler Yeats, March 5, 1917.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 10
Londraville, Dear Yeats, Dear Pound, 74.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 11
Foster to Quinn, February 16, 1920.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 12
Foster to Quinn, August 16, 1921.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 13
Foster to Quinn, October 4, 1920.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 14
Quinn to Foster, undated, and Foster to Quinn, undated [summer 1921?], in Londraville, Dear Yeats, Dear Pound, 140–42.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 15
Quinn to James Huneker, April 6, 1916.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 16
Quinn to André Dunoyer de Segonzac, April 29, 1919.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 17
Quinn to Oscar Underwood, August 6, 1914.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 18
In a retrospective account, written thirty-five years later, Roché suggests that the lunch took place the day after his first meeting with Quinn in the spring of 1917. Roché, “Hommage à John Quinn,” 965–66. But Roché’s diaries and Quinn’s letters make clear that it occurred in September 1919. Roché, diary, September 7, 1919.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 19
With Roché as an intermediary, Picasso sold Doucet a small still life and a Cubist Harlequin for 4,000 francs. Roché, diary, August 4, 1916.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 20
Stein, Autobiography of Alice B. Toklas, 54.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 21
Roché, diary, September 13, 1919.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 22
Stein, “Roché by Gertrude Stein,” March 1911, in Lake and Ashton, Henri-Pierre Roché, 28.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 23
Henri-Pierre Roché, Deux Semaines a la Conciergerie pendant la bataille de la Marne (Paris: Attinger Frères, 1916), 64.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 24
Roché, “Hommage à John Quinn,” 966.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 25
Quinn to Roché, September 17, 1919.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 26
Roché to Quinn, September 18, 1919.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 27
Jeanne Robert Foster, interview by Richard Londraville, in Londraville, Too Long a Sacrifice, 296n1.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 28
Quinn to Roché, September 17, 1919.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 29
12. DO I KNOW THIS MAN?
Céleste Albaret, Monsieur Proust, trans. Barbara Bray (New York: New York Review Books Classics, 2003), 77.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 1
Richardson, Life of Picasso: Triumphant Years, 297.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 2
“Lettres & Arts,” Le Cri de Paris, July 23, 1916, in Rubin et al., “Les Demoiselles d’Avignon,” 168.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 3
Georges Martin, “Dans l’Air de Paris,” L’Intransigeant, October 29, 1919.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 4
Richardson, Life of Picasso: Painter of Modern Life, 379.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 5
Gertrude Stein records Braque saying, with dry irony, “Je dois connaître ce monsieur” [I ought to know this gentleman]. Stein, Autobiography of Alice B. Toklas, 238.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 6
See, for example, Daix, Picasso: Life and Art, 161.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 7
Rosenberg to Picasso, undated [summer 1918].
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 8
Irène Lagut, unpublished 1973 interview, in Richardson, Life of Picasso: Painter of Modern Life, 402.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 9
O’Brian, Picasso, 215.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 10
Richardson, Life of Picasso: Triumphant Years, 173.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 11
Picasso to Apollinaire, August 16, 1918, in Caizergues and Seckel, Picasso/Apollinaire, 176.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 12
Rosenberg to Picasso, September 27, 1918.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 13
The story was recalled years later by Matisse’s daughter, Marguerite Duthuit. Matisse and Shchukin had had an awkward meeting in Nice in 1919, but Shchukin told him he was no longer in a position to buy and soon after broke off contact. Semenova, The Collector, 234–35.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 14
Elaine Rosenberg, interview with the author, September 2016.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 15
Rosenberg to Picasso, April 7, 1919.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 16
Picasso’s comment to Léonce Rosenberg is recorded in Léonce Rosenberg to Picasso, December 2, 1918, in FitzGerald, Making Modernism, 3.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 17
Thomas Chaineux, “Olga Picasso: Between France and Russia,” in Philippot et al., Olga Picasso, 105–09.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 18
By 1920, the number of art museums in the United States had more than doubled in fifteen years, to ninety-two. Tomkins, Merchants and Masterpieces, 192.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 19
Rosenberg to Picasso, July 13, August 12, and August 27, 1920.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 20
Richardson, Life of Picasso: Triumphant Years, 166–67.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 21
Roché to Rosenberg, September 28, 1920, Morgan Library.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 22
13. IN PICASSO’S GARDEN
Roché to Quinn, June 6, 1921.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 1
Roché, diary, July 5, 1921, in Roché, Carnets, 275.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 2
Roché to Quinn, December 2, 1920.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 3
Roché, diary, November 13, 1920, in Roché, Carnets, 104.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 4
Roché, diary, July 5, 1921, in Roché, Carnets, 275.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 5
Foster to Quinn, October 4, 1920.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 6
Foster, diary, July 10, 1921.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 7
Roché, diary, July 7, 1921, in Roché, Carnets, 276.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 8
Quinn to Lady Gregory, May 11, 1922.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 9
Foster, diary, July 29, 1921; Roché, diary, July 29, 1921, in Roché, Carnets, 295.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 10
Foster, diary, July 9, 1921.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 11
Foster, diary, July 9, 1921. Olga Picasso took part in the first American tour of the Ballets Russes, which stopped in seventeen U.S. cities between January and April 1916. Thomas Chaineux, email to author, February 10, 2022.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 12
Two Nudes, in particular, provided an uncanny complement to a much earlier Two Nudes that Quinn had bought from Vollard during the war. In the earlier picture, the figures are sculpted, yet seem to be merging with the picture plane; in the later one, the figures are compressed into a visual space that seems unable to contain them. Together, the paintings bookend Picasso’s crucial journey into, and then out of and beyond, Cubism.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 13
Roché to Quinn, February 11, 1922.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 14
Roché to Quinn, January 8, 1922; Quinn to Roché, January 27, 1922.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 15
Matisse, The Artist and His Model (1919) currently in a private collection.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 16
Roché to Quinn, October 20, 1920.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 17
Quinn recalled the conversation in Quinn to Rosenberg, May 25, 1922.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 18
Kahnweiler to Picasso, February 10, 1920, in Richardson, Life of Picasso: Painter of Modern Life, 358.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 19
Vérane Tasseau, “Les Ventes de séquestre du marchand Daniel-Henry Kahnweiler (1921–1923),” Archives juives, vol. 50, no. 1 (2017), 32.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 20
Assouline, Artful Life, 174.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 21
Assouline, Artful Life, 168–69.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 22
Roché to Quinn, December 25, 1920.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 23
Roché, diary, July 22, 1921, in Roché, Carnets, 290.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 24
Quinn to Kahnweiler, November 29, 1921.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 25
Roché, diary, July 7, 1921, in Roché, Carnets, 276–77.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 26
Roché, diary, August 12, 1921, in Roché, Carnets, 305.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 27
Foster, diary, July 10, 1921.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 28
Roché, diary, August 15, 1921, in Roché, Carnets, 307.
