On Freedom, page 43
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immobility that gripped: Elizabeth Hinton, America on Fire: The Untold History of Police Violence and Black Rebellion Since the 1960s (New York: Liveright, 2021), 132.
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“silent operation of laws”: James Madison, National Gazette, [c. January 23,] 1792.
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“Can any condition of society”: Thomas Jefferson to Thomas Cooper, September 10, 1814.
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titanic inequalities of wealth and income: As Paul Mason points out, inequality eventually makes taxation impossible, which makes governance impossible—which makes freedom impossible. See his PostCapitalism.
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Americans lose about $1 trillion: Alan Rappeport, “Tax Cheats Cost the U.S. $1 Trillion per Year, I.R.S. Chief Says,” NYT, April 13, 2021.
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tax rate was 91 percent: Tax Foundation, “Historical U.S. Federal Individual Income Tax Rates & Brackets, 1862–2021,” TaxFoundation.org, August 24, 2021.
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the most important liberal: A nice introduction to Mill and then to discussions of freedom of expression is Isaiah Berlin, “John Stuart Mill and the Ends of Life,” in Vincent Blasi, ed., Freedom of Speech in the History of Ideas (St. Paul, Minn.: West Academic, 2016).
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believed in the welfare state: See my foreword to Isaiah Berlin, The Sense of Reality (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2019).
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a secure minimum income: And so we find a juncture between the March on Washington and The Road to Serfdom.
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single-payer health insurance: Christopher Cai et al., “Projected Costs of Single-Payer Healthcare Financing in the United States,” PLOS Medicine, January 15, 2020; Elizabeth H. Bradley and Lauren A. Taylor, The American Health Care Paradox (New York: PublicAffairs, 2013); Lovisa Gustafsson, Shanoor Seervai, and David Blumenthal, “The Role of Private Equity in Driving Up Health Care Prices,” Harvard Business Review, October 29, 2019.
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Seven hours a day of screen time: Simon Kemp, “Digital 2022: Time Spent Using Connected Tech Continues to Rise,” DataReportal, January 26, 2022.
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take drastic measures: Alice Marwick and Rebecca Lewis, “Media Manipulation and Disinformation Online,” Data and Society Research Institute, 2017; Tamsin Shaw, “Invisible Manipulators of Your Mind,” New York Review of Books, April 20, 2017.
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“The system is based on lies”: Havel, “Power of the Powerless,” 28.
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most consistent in censoring people: A point made by Zeynep Tufekci in Twitter and Tear Gas (New Haven: Yale University Press, 2018), 235.
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Human children need human schools: See José van Dijck, Thomas Poell, and Martijn de Waal, The Platform Society: Public Values in a Connective World (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2018), 121.
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schools without screens: Sergei Brin, Larry Page, and Jeff Bezos, for example, attended Montessori schools. See the homepage of the American Montessori Society.
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for their children: Jaron Lanier, Ten Arguments for Deleting Your Social Media Accounts Right Away (London: Bodley Head, 2018), 12.
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more than $10 billion: Nicholas Kardaras, Glow Kids (New York: St. Martin’s, 2017).
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“affirmative steps to improve the methods”: Quoted in Garton Ash, Free Speech: Ten Principles for a Connected World, 80.
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The Norwegian constitution: Article 190.
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views be challenged: Garton Ash, Free Speech, 190.
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cover any of these beats: Charles Bethea, “Shrinking Newspapers and the Costs of Environmental Reporting in Coal Country,” New Yorker, March 26, 2019. On news deserts, see Penelope Muse Abernathy, “The Expanding News Desert,” USNewsDeserts.com, n.d. See also Margaret Sullivan, Ghosting the News: Local Journalism and the Crisis of American Democracy (New York: Columbia Global Reports, 2020).
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discovering and receiving the truth: Weil, La pesanteur et la grâce, 114. Compare Martin Burckhardt: “The free act of creation has costs; the replication of these efforts has none.” Philosophie der Maschine (Berlin: Matthes & Seitz, 2018), 70. He is referring to Walter Benjamin, whose work I was reading in Moscow those three decades ago.
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“circulation of newspapers”: James Madison, in National Gazette, [c. December 19,] 1791. See Lee McIntyre, Post-Truth (Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press, 2018), for discussion.
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“blind veneration of antiquity”: James Madison, Federalist no. 14, November 30, 1787.
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“There was a time”: Frederick Douglass, “What, to the Slave, Is the Fourth of July,” speech delivered in Rochester, New York, July 4, 1852. See David Blight, Frederick Douglass: Prophet of Freedom (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2018).
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more people with life sentences today: In 2021, the number of people sentenced to life in prison was 161,512 and the number serving a virtual life sentence (fifty years or more) was 42,353. “No End in Sight,” Sentencing Project, 2021. In 1969, the total prison population was 197,136. U.S. Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics, Historical Statistics on Prisoners in State and Federal Institutions, 1925–1986 (Ann Arbor: Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research, 1989).
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“You guys are oppressing yourselves”: Racism can become “the instrument by which democracy in the nation was done to death, race provincialism deified, and the world delivered to plutocracy.” W. E. B. Du Bois, Black Reconstruction (New York: Harcourt, Brace & Co., 1935), 241. A persuasive modern documentation is Heather McGhee, The Sum of Us (New York: OneWorld, 2022). See also Volodymyr Yermolenko, “Russia, Zoopolitics, and Information Bombs,” Euromaidan Press, May 26, 2015.
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bit of courage: Consider W. E. B. Du Bois: “There is but one coward on earth, and that is the coward that dare not know.” “The Study of the Negro Problem,” Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 1375, January 2, 1898, 27. He was invoking Kant’s dictum “Dare to know.”
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Index
The page numbers in this index refer to the printed version of the book. Each link will take you to the beginning of the corresponding print page. You may need to scroll forward from that location to find the corresponding reference on your e-reader.
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
A
Amelina, Victoria, 189, 196–197
American Dream
government and, 233, 250–252, 256–258
mobility and, 113, 131–133, 135–139, 146–147, 150–154, 256–258, 272–273
replacement of, 148–149
anti-colonialism, 98, 129–131
Arbatov, Arkady, 142–143
Arbatov, Giorgy, 140–143
Aristotle, 40, 81
artificial intelligence (AI), 173, 186, 190
Auden, W. H., 176
Audience (Havel), 64–65
autonomy. See sovereignty
B
baseball, 29, 31–32, 38–41
Bass, Leon, 117–118
Beachler, Hannah, 81, 274
behaviorism, 102–103
Berlin, Isaiah, 257
Berry, Richard, 75
bicentennial celebration (U.S.), xviii, 1–3, 49–51, 93–95, 271–273
birth. See childbirth
Bradbury, Ray, 110
Brezhnev, Leonid, 72, 73, 74, 79, 144–145, 146, 156
Buffett, Warren, 203
C
Canada, 30, 130, 132, 213, 239
Capitol insurrection, 179–181
cave allegory, 59–62, 70, 96
Chafee, Zechariah, 264
Charter 77, 71, 73, 78
Chedoluma, Illia, 18
childbirth, xiv, xvii, 51–55, 59–60, 212, 249
China, 91–92, 124, 214, 260
Chronicle of Current Events (publication), 73
Citizens United case, 218
civil rights movement, 50, 118–120, 136, 198–199, 238
class warfare. See social mobility
climate change, 158, 171–175, 204, 206–208, 215–216, 234, 247
cognitive dissonance, 108
colonialization, 97–98, 124–129
confirmation bias, 103–106
Costa Rica, 112–114
Czechoslovakia, 63–66, 69–76, 94–95, 103, 128, 130, 201, 253, 282
D
death principle, 59–61, 70
de-occupation, x–xii, xv
Documenting Ukraine, 197, 233
Dostoevsky, Fyodor, xiii, 35, 89
Douglass, Frederick, 272
E
empathy, 21, 22–23, 25, 45–46, 47–48, 97, 107
empires, 97–98, 124–129
Engels, Friedrich, 12
entropy, 68–69, 84, 232
Euripides, 112, 188, 190, 198, 227
F
factuality (vignettes), 162–194
America’s end, 179–181
defined, xvii
electing dictators, 182
extinction spiral, 172–175
flowing fountain, 188–190
free speakers, 193–194
fusion, 166–168
government and, 233, 266
living harmonies, 169–170
living truth, 162–163
missing reporters, 182–186
murderous orders, 192–193
party line, 176–177
perfect victims, 178–179
powerful lies, 190–192
significant roughness, 175–176
suns, 163–166
tiny stars, 170–172
truth’s horizons, 186–188
Fahrenheit 451 (Bradbury), 110
false tragedy of choice, 223–225
Fanon, Frantz, xix, 98, 120, 121, 142
fifth dimension
bell symbolism, 93
climate change and, 234
democracy and, 237
expansion into, 99–100
geometry of, 67–68, 230–232
historical patterns and, 159
Hitler and, 121
Stalin and, 122
freedom
from versus for, xii–xiv
beyond fear, 7–9
defined by Livy, 54
forms of, xvi–xvii (See also factuality; solidarity; sovereignty; unpredictability)
“free countries,” xiv–xv
infrastructure and, xv–xvi, 147–148, 251
as justification for government, x, xvi, xvii–xviii (See also government)
labor of, xvii–xviii
law of, 41, 68–69
liberation and de-occupation, x–xii, xv (See also liberation)
life phases and, xvii, xviii
negative vs. positive, 12–13, 14–20, 277
security and, x, xv
freedom of speech, 18–19, 183, 188–194, 196–198, 242–244, 261–262, 264–265
Freedom Riders, 118–120, 199
free markets, 202, 210–213, 214–220, 223, 251–252
Fremdkörper, 22, 24
fusion power, 166–171, 206–207, 208, 247–248
G
geometry of the fifth dimension, 230–232
Germany. See Nazi Germany
gerrymandering, 133–135, 174
global warming, 158–160, 171–175, 207, 247
God, 26–27
Gorbachev, Mikhail, 145–146
Gore, Al, 174
government (vignettes), 227–276
awakening, 227–229
chance, 274–276
children, 246–250
democracy, 236–242, 247
distributions, 256–258
divisions, 234–236
geometry, 230–232
grasp, 270–271
historians, 244–246
inclusion, 271–273
individuals, 232–234
infrastructure and, xv–xvi, 147–148, 251
listeners, 264–265
minds, 258–263
movers, 250–251
news, 265–267
parents, 249–250
prisoners, 253–256
purpose of, xvii–xviii
republics, 241–244, 247
