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16. Fry, E.M., ‘Design in the countryside and the town’, in J. Gloag (ed.), Design in Modern Life; first published 1934; second impression 1946, p. 7.
17. Priestley, J.B., English Journey. London: Heinemann, 1934, p. 4.
18. Hillier, B., ‘1928: Firestone factory, Brentford’, https://c20society.org.uk/100-buildings/1928-firestone-factory-brentford (accessed 15 June 2025).
19. ‘The Firestone factory’, Brentford and Chiswick Local History Journal, 2, 1981; Zwegers, B., Cultural Heritage in Transition: A Multi-level Perspective on World Heritage in Germany and the United Kingdom, 1970–2020. Cham: Springer, 2022.
20. Binney, M., ‘Pre-emptive Demolition and Interim Protection’, Historic England, 2019. https://uat-prelive.historicengland.org.uk/whats-new/debate/recent/interim-protection/pre-emptive-demolition-interim-protection/ (accessed 12 June 2025).
21. Knox, P., London: A History of 300 Years in 25 Buildings. New Haven, CT and London: Yale University Press, 2024, pp. 266–277.
23 GUINNESS BREWERY
1. Strangleman, T., Voices of Guinness: An Oral History of the Park Royal Brewery. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2019.
2. Knox, P., London: A History of 300 Years in 25 Buildings. New Haven, CT and London: Yale University Press, 2024.
3. Beaver, H., Guinness Time, 13 February 1960, p. 8; quoted by Strangleman, T., ‘Food, drink and the cultures of work: Consumption in the life and death of an English factory’, Food, Culture and Society, 13, 2, 2020, pp. 257–278.
4. Strangleman, Voices of Guinness.
5. Armstrong, J., ‘The development of the Park Royal Industrial Estate in the interwar period: A re-examination of the Aldcroft/Richardson thesis’, London Journal, 21, 1, 1996, pp. 64–79.
6. Strangleman, ‘Food, drink and the cultures of work’.
7. Plumpton, M.W., ‘Famous breweries 4: Park Royal Brewery’, Journal of the Institute of Brewing, 55, 5, 1949, pp. 278–290.
8. Strangleman, Voices of Guinness.
9. Strangleman, Voices of Guinness, p. 28.
10. Dixon, C., ‘The changing structure of the British brewing industry’, Geography, 63, 2, 1978, pp. 108–113.
11. Pilcher, J.M., ‘The globalization of Guinness: Marketing taste, transferring technology’, Economic History Yearbook, 65, 1, 2024, pp. 17–35.
12. Strangleman, Voices of Guinness, p. 147.
13. Strangleman, Voices of Guinness, p. 151.
24 HESTON AIRPORT
1. Brooks, P.W., ‘A short history of London’s airports’, Journal of Transport History, 1, 1957, pp. 12–22.
2. Law, M.J., The Experience of Suburban Modernity: How Private Transport Changed Interwar London. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2014, pp. 57–76.
3. Bingham, N., ‘Arrivals and departures: Civil airport architecture in Britain during the inter-war period’, in J. Holder and S. Parissien (eds), The Architecture of British Transport in the Twentieth Century. New Haven, CT and London: Yale University Press, 2004, p. 129.
4. Budd, L., ‘Airports: From flying fields to 21st-century aerocities’, in B. Derudder, M. Hoyler, P.J. Taylor and F. Witlox (eds) International Handbook of Globalization and World Cities. London: Edward Elgar, 2011, pp. 151–161.
5. Jackson, H.T., ‘Design of airports’, Architect’s Journal, 7 December 1944, pp. 417–430; Norman, N., ‘Aerodrome Design’, Aeronautical Journal, 41, 1937, pp. 284–305.
6. Myerscough, J., ‘Airport provision in the inter-war years’, Journal of Contemporary History, 20, 1985, pp. 41–70; Tymms, F., Commercial Air Transport. London: Pitman, 1926.
7. Brooks, ‘A short history of London’s airports’.
8. Holman, B., ‘The meaning of Hendon: The Royal Air Force Display, aerial theatre and the technological sublime, 1920–37’, Historical Research, 93, 259, 2020, pp. 131–152.
9. The Times, 9 May 1923, p. 13.
10. Sassoon, P., ‘Civil aviation: Foreword’, in C.G. Burge (ed.), Air Annual of the British Empire. London: Gale & Polden, 1929, p. 123.
11. Wakefield, C.C., ‘Aviation and the empire’, in Burge (ed.), Air Annual of the British Empire, p. 7.
12. Millward, L., ‘Grounded: The limits of British imperial aeromobility’, in D. Lambert and P. Merriman (eds), Empire and Mobility in the Long Nineteenth Century. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2020, pp. 195–215.
13. Holman, B., ‘Spectre and spectacle: Mock air raids as aerial theatre in interwar Britain’, in M. McCluskey and L. Seaber (eds), Aviation in the Literature and Culture of Interwar Britain. London: Palgrave Macmillan, 2020, p. 231.
14. Thompson, R.G.E., ‘“Millions of eyes were turned skywards”: The Air League of the British Empire, Empire Air Day, and the promotion of air-mindedness, 1934–9’, Twentieth Century British History, 32, 2, 2021, pp. 285–307.
15. Bingham, ‘Arrivals and departures’, p. 114.
16. ‘Air Park at Heston: Designed by L. Magnus Austin’, Architects’ Journal, 7 August 1929, p. 204.
17. Hughes, R., The Shock of the New. New York: Random House, 1980.
18. Manton, C., ‘Heston Airport’, Journal of the Decorative Arts Society 1890–1940, 5, 1981, p. 33.
19. Bingham, ‘Arrivals and departures’.
20. West Middlesex Gazette, Saturday, 20 June 1931.
21. Jackson, ‘Design of airports’, p. 421.
22. Manton, ‘Heston Airport’, p. 35.
23. London Daily Chronicle, Thursday, 27 March 1930, pp. 1–2.
24. Masefield, P.G., ‘The modern airport – and its future’, Journal of the Royal Society of Arts, 116, 5145, 1968, pp. 783–804.
25. Report of the Committee to consider the Development of Civil Aviation in the United Kingdom, under the chairmanship of Brigadier General Sir Henry Maybury, HMSO, Cmd. 5351, 1937; Report of the Committee of Inquiry into Civil Aviation in the United Kingdom, under the chairmanship of Lord Cadman, HMSO, Cmd. 5685, 1938.
26. Sealy, K.R., ‘London’s airports and the geography of airport location’, Geography, 40, 4, 1955, pp. 255–264.
27. Law, The Experience of Suburban Modernity, p. 72.
25 BURTONWOOD HOUSE
1. The Star, 7 November 1953.
2. Parker, S., ‘From the slums to the suburbs: Labour Party policy, the LCC, and the Woodberry Down estate, Stoke Newington 1934–1961’, London Journal, 24, 2, 1999, pp. 51–69.
3. North London Recorder, 25 November 1938.
4. London Borough of Hackney, London – Hackney Woodberry Down Estate. Yellow Book, 2nd edn, EUROPAN 6 briefing document, 2001.
5. Bullock, N., ‘Plans for post-war housing in the UK: The case for mixed development and the flat’, Planning Perspectives, 2, 1987, 71–98.
6. Parker, ‘From the slums to the suburbs’, p. 51.
7. Parker, ‘From the slums to the suburbs’, p. 23.
8. Pepper, S., ‘The beginnings of high-rise social housing in the 1940s: The case of the LCC and the Woodberry Down Estate’, in M. Swenarton, T. Avermaete and D. van der Heuvel (eds), Architecture and the Welfare State. London: Routledge, 2014, pp. 75–98.
9. Parker, ‘From the slums to the suburbs’, pp. 59–60.
10. Smith, H., Up in the Air: A History of High-Rise in Britain. London: Verso, 2025; Boughton, J., Municipal Dreams: The Rise and Fall of Council Housing. London: Verso, 2018; Wetherell, S., Foundations: How the Built Environment Made Twentieth-Century Britain. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2020.
11. Municipal Dreams, ‘Woodberry Down, Hackney: The “estate of the Future”’, 2013. https://municipaldreams.substack.com/p/woodberry-down-hackney-the-estate (accessed 13 June 2025).
12. Hunter, T., A Palace for Us. Film shown at the Serpentine Gallery, London, 8 December 2010–20 January 2011.
13. Woodberry Down, The People’s Story, Woodberry Down Community Organisation and Eastside Community Heritage, 2015; Bornat, J., Hunter, T. and A. Green, ‘Woodberry Down Housing Estate: Community representation and advocacy in print and film’, Oral History, 39, 2, 2011, pp. 107–116.
14. Woodberry Down Memories Group, Woodberry Down Memories: The History of an LCC Housing Estate. London: ILEA Education Resource Unit for Older People, 1989, pp. 39–40.
15. Brooke, S., London, 1984: Conflict and Change in the Radical City. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2024; Hatherley, O., Red Metropolis: Socialism and the Government of London. London: Repeater Books, 2020.
16. Busá, A. and L. Lees, ‘Should we evict critical perspectives on the state-led gentrification of council estates in London? The case of Woodberry Down’, Urban Affairs Review, 61, 2, 2024, p. 500.
17. Tunstall, R., ‘Mixed communities and urban policy: Reflections from the UK’, in G. Bridge, T. Butler and L. Lees (eds), Mixed Communities: Gentrification by Stealth? Bristol: Policy Press, 2011, pp. 35–42.
18. Urban Task Force, Towards Urban Renaissance. London: E. & F.N. Spon, 1999, p. 23.
19. Nelson, S. and J. Lewis, ‘Resident engagement in the regeneration of social housing: The case of Woodberry Down, London’, International Journal of Housing Policy, 10, 1, 2019, p. 56.
20. Busá and Lees, ‘Should we evict critical perspectives on the state-led gentrification of council estates in London?’, p. 10.
21. Hudson-Smith, A, S. Evans, M. Batty and S. Batty, Online Participation: The Woodberry Down Experiment. London: Centre for Advanced Spatial Analysis, Paper 60, 2002.
22. Nelson and Lewis, ‘Resident engagement in the regeneration of social housing’.
23. Busá and Lees, ‘Should we evict critical perspectives on the state-led gentrification of council estates in London?’, p. 498.
24. Watt, P., Estate Regeneration and its Discontents: Public Housing, Place and Inequality in London. Bristol: Policy Press, 2021, pp. 387–88.
25. Powers, N. and A. Salvador-Delgado (eds), Reclaiming, Recommoning, Reimagining, Reprogramming Regeneration at Woodberry Down. London: LSE Cities Programme, 2020.
26. ‘Berkeley Homes: Rise of the placemakers’, The Economist, 412, 8900, 16 August 2014, p. 21.
27. Busá and Lees, ‘Should we evict critical perspectives on the state-led gentrification of council estates in London?’.
28. Minton, A., ‘From gentrification to sterilization? Building on big capital’, Architecture and Culture, 10, 3, 2022, pp. 387–407; Minton, A., Big Capital: Who is London For? London: Penguin, 2017; Watt, P. and A. Minton, ‘London’s housing crisis and its activisms’, City, 20, 2, 2016, pp. 204–221.
EPILOGUE
1. Barnes, V., L. Newton and P. Scott, ‘A “quiet victory”: National Provincial, Gibson Hall, and the switch from comprehensive redevelopment to urban preservation in 1960s London’, Enterprise and Society, 23, 1, 2022, pp. 33–67.
2. Knox, P., London: A History of 300 Years in 25 Buildings. New Haven, CT and London: Yale University Press, 2024.
3. Burgess, J., ‘Conflict and conservation in Covent Garden’, L’Espace géographique, 1978, pp. 93–107; Hall, P., Great Planning Disasters, vol. 1. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1982; Jenkins, S., ‘The politics of London motorways’, Political Quarterly, 44, 3, 1973, pp. 257–270; Sharr, A. and S. Thornton, Demolishing Whitehall: Leslie Martin, Harold Wilson and the Architecture of White Heat. London: Routledge, 2016.
4. Bloomfield, R. and J. Prynn, ‘Pub must be rebuilt brick by brick, orders council, after developers tore it down to build flats’, The Standard, 29 April 2015, www.standard.co.uk/news/london/developer-told-to-rebuild-maida-vale-pub-brick-by-brick-after-site-torn-down-without-notice-10211892.html (accessed 15 June 2025).
5. C20 Society, ‘Lost Modern’, https://c20society.org.uk/lost-modern/greenside-virginia-water-surrey (accessed 15 June 2025). See also Tomback, D.H., ‘Valuing our heritage’, in M. Forsyth (ed.), Understanding Historic Building Conservation. London: Wiley, 2007, p. 205.
6. Samuel, R., Theatres of Memory: Past and Present in Contemporary Culture. London: Verso, 1994.
7. While, A., ‘The state and the controversial demands of cultural built heritage: Modernism, dirty concrete, and postwar listing in England’, Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design, 34, 2007, pp. 645–663; Powell, K., ‘Industrial building in retrospect’, Journal of the Royal Society of Arts, 133, 5341, 1984, pp. 16–30.
8. Pevsner, N., The Buildings of England, vol. 3, part 4: Middlesex. Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1951.
9. Cherry, B. and N. Pevsner, The Buildings of England, London 3: North West. New Haven, CT and London: Yale University Press, 2002, p. 76.
10. Samuel, Theatres of Memory, pp. 119–124.
11. Harwood, E., ‘Keeping the past in England: The history of post-war listing’, Journal of Architecture, 15, 5, 2010, p. 679.
12. Smithson, A., ‘The violent consumer, or Waiting for the Goodies’, Architectural Design, 44, 5, 1974, pp. 274–279.
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