The Big Thirst, page 49
gray water, 305, 369; see also recycled water
Great Lakes, 85, 324
groundwater, 60–61, 82, 86, 120, 201, 215, 246, 255
gulf sturgeon, 75
Gurgaon, India, 229, 231, 239, 246, 247, 260
Hains, Steve, 115, 116, 117
Hanoi, Vietnam, 233, 358
Hartsfield, William B., 75, 76, 80, 333
“Have You Ever Seen the Rain?,” 138
Henderson, Nev., 55, 69
hepatitis C virus, 163
Hinduism, 22, 230
Hindustan Times, 228, 366
Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, 233, 358
Hollis, Me., 132, 136
Hoover Dam, 14, 54, 85, 262, 268, 327
hormone residue, in water, 160–61, 176
Hudson River, 131, 142, 344–45
humans:
daily water requirements of, 13, 16–17, 243, 319, 359–60
in relationship with water, 2, 3, 6, 8–9, 22–24, 25–27, 28, 50, 117, 133, 136, 143–44, 157, 160, 164, 165, 172, 174, 189–90, 192–93, 209–10, 230–32, 266–67, 286, 289–92, 297–298, 306–9, 310–13, 321–22; see also water consciousness; water culture
total water consumed by, 16–17, 319, 320
water as basic right of, 290
water content of, 3, 36, 316, 324
Hume Dam, Australia, 190–91
hurricanes, 92; see also specific hurricanes
Hyderabad, India, 226, 228, 238, 256, 263, 359
continuous water service test in, 250–51
hydrated minerals, 33–34
hydrogen bonding, 41–43
hydrogen sulfide, 42
hydroxil (OH), 33–34, 38
IBM, 21, 44–48, 112, 117, 119, 120, 125–132, 134, 155, 229, 340–41
desalination technology of, 131–32
“smart water” and, 130–32
water management services of, 129–32
IBM Burlington, Vermont, 44–48, 125–29
water bill at, 126, 127
water conservation at, 128–29
water cost savings at, 129
water data gathered by, 125–26, 129, 341
ice, 124–25, 341
cosmic, 31, 294, 366
density of, 42–43, 44
on the Moon, 227–28, 356–57
Ike, Hurricane, 88–89, 91–94, 97, 98, 103, 106, 110–11, 335, 336, 337
Imberger, Jorg, 206
Immelt, Jeffrey, 141, 142, 344
Imperial Irrigation District, 331, 362–63
Imperial Valley, 69, 184, 197, 267–69, 276, 277, 331, 351, 362–63
economic impact of, 268–69
India, 58, 120, 218–264
agriculture in, 232, 358
child mortality in, 223, 355
climate change and, 14
continuous water supply (24x7 water) for, 232–35, 250–51, 260–64
cross-contamination of water supply and sewage in, 237–38, 256, 261–62
economic growth in, 16, 223, 226–27, 229, 355
economic growth in hurt by water, 223–25
education in, 227, 245, 246–50, 356
lack of safe water access in, 223–26, 228–229, 232–33, 236–39, 240–44, 250–52
pollution in, 230–31, 233, 256–59, 358, 361
poverty in, 226–27, 246
public taps in, 224, 239, 359
resistance to continuous water service in, 233–34
sacred rivers of, 230–32, 233, 256–59
space program of, 227–28, 258, 356–57
Supreme Court in, see Indian Supreme Court
urban growth in, 232, 233
village water culture in, 239–44, 245–50, 251–52
water culture in, 221–23, 228–29, 230–33, 259, 263–64
water infrastructure of, 221–24, 233, 235, 259, 354
water innovation in, 247–48, 250–56, 260–64
water mismanagement in, 224, 228–29, 234, 250, 259
water poverty in, 20, 218–21, 224–25, 233, 246–50, 251–52, 263–64, 290–91
water quality in, 236–39
water utilities in, 233–34, 260–64, 354, 357, 358
women and girls in, 20, 225, 227, 240–44, 245, 248–50, 360
see also Delhi
Indianapolis, Ind., 272–73, 364
Indian Ocean, 116, 168, 194, 195, 197, 205, 208
Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO), 227–28
Indian Supreme Court, 228–29, 258, 357
indirect potable reuse (IPR), 156
indoor plumbing, 109, 337–38
Infrared Space Observatory, 29–30
Intel, 21, 117
10-K filings of, 122, 341
water productivity of, 119–20, 340
International Space Station, 8, 302–3, 368
Internet, 96–97
interstellar dust clouds, 29–31, 32, 322
iPhone, 44, 133, 299–300
sales of, compared to bottled water sales, 133, 342
Iraq, 197, 281, 365
Iredale, David, 147, 345
irrigation:
in Australia, 171, 183–84, 186, 187, 188, 191–92, 194, 214–16, 352
efficiency in, 224, 232, 303–4, 369
crops and, 119
in Imperial Valley, 267–69, 331, 362–63
in India, 247–48, 358
in Las Vegas, 66–68
Israel, 47, 122
Italy, water utility loss in, 303, 368
iTunes
as model for water-data management, 130–31
sales, compared to bottled water sales, 133, 342
Jackson, Miss., 101, 102–3, 109, 337
Jacobsen, Steven, 33–34, 37, 38, 39
Jaitly, Ashok, 218, 224, 229, 231–32
Jamaica, 15
Jargali, India, 239–44, 245, 247, 248, 360
Jawaharlal Nehru University, 218, 221
Johnson, Harvey, 101, 337
Jones, James Earl, 49
Jones, Laurie, 160–61
Jurassic Park (rice paddock), 183–84, 185
Kampala, Uganda, 233, 358
kangaroos, 182, 183, 188, 213
Kennedy Space Center, 1, 316
Kent, Muhtar, 120, 340
Khan, Mehmood, 244–50
Kleinschmidt, Alan, 145, 162, 165, 351
Kroger, 103
laminar flow, of water, 296–97
language, water references in, 3, 23, 28, 321–22
Lanier, Lake, 73, 74, 75–76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 100, 332, 333
lanolin, 112, 113, 116
Las Vegas, Nev., 14, 51–72, 80, 81–87, 118, 122, 142–43, 151, 176, 205, 298, 309–10, 327
average high temperature in, 66, 327
desalination plant for, 84
economic impact of, 268–69, 363
fountains of, 52, 56–58, 69, 87, 295, 329
front lawns forbidden in, 71
golf courses in, 59, 66–69, 72, 330
grass removal in, 68–69, 70, 86, 267, 330
groundwater for, 60–61, 82, 86
infrastructure costs in, 20, 82, 109
Lake Mead allotment of, 54, 60, 61, 62, 66, 67, 70, 328, 331
Lake Mead intake pipes of, 81–82, 109, 334
laundry facilities in, 63–66, 330
per-capita water use in, 58, 77, 83–84, 306, 329, 334–35
population growth in, 15–16, 54–55, 60, 234, 328
precipitation in, 54, 327
recycled water in, 62–63, 64–66, 67, 71–72, 86–87, 331
the Strip of, 51–54, 57, 63, 69, 86, 197, 329
total water use in, 20, 55, 58, 59–60, 71–72, 73, 75, 77, 86–87, 339
water culture in, 51–54, 56, 62–63, 70–71, 73, 83
water features of, 51–54
water management in, 54–58, 59–60, 65, 82
water rates in, 60, 267–68, 277, 362
water regulation in, 56–58, 69, 70–72, 330, 332
water tax in, 82, 83
Las Vegas Valley Water District (LVVWD), 58, 59, 61, 372
Las Vegas Wash, 86–87
Latter, William, 29
lawn watering, 21, 59–60, 69, 70–71, 79, 149, 155, 305, 330, 331
Lawrence, D. H., 1
LeBlanc, Steve, 104, 108
Levi Strauss, 117, 123, 341
lightbulbs, 19–20, 131
Little Bushkill Creek, 310–11
London, 228, 266, 279, 303, 365
Los Angeles, Calif., 75, 102, 138, 234, 304
Lowing, Nick, 182
McCormick, Gerald, 73, 332
Macfarlane, Ian, 148, 159, 161, 347
McKinsey & Company, 226, 355
McLeod, Robyn, 195–97, 199, 274, 354
magnetron, 40
Magnuson, Paul, 77–78, 79, 80, 333
Malta, 131
Mandalay Bay hotel, 51, 58, 63, 86
Manners, Snow, 160–61, 165, 181
Manu, 22
Marseille, France, 10
Mawson Lakes, Australia, 116–17
Mayas, 15
Mayer, Edgar, 148
Mead, Lake, 14, 16, 59, 64, 69, 74, 82, 84, 267, 268
drop in water level of, 55, 56, 81–82, 83, 328–29
evaporation from, 72
Las Vegas allotment from, 54, 60, 61, 62, 66, 67, 70, 328, 331
recycled water returned to, 71–72, 86–87
size of, 14, 54, 327–28
third Las Vegas intake pipe from, 81–82, 109, 334
Medicis, 278
Melbourne, Australia, 9, 166, 167, 169–70, 172, 194, 202, 212, 214, 302, 349–350, 353, 354
Melbourne Age, 192, 352
Melnick, Gary, 29–31
Memphis, Tenn., 99
men, water content of, 3, 316
Mewat, India, 245–50
Mexico, 84
Meyer, Wayne, 215
MGM Resorts International, 21, 117, 118, 122, 127, 142–44, 309; see also Aria hotel
Michell, David, 114, 116
Michell Wool, 112–17, 142, 338
Michigan, Lake, 277
microchips, 2, 23, 44–48, 120, 125, 126–27, 129, 326, 340, 341
micropollutants, 8, 84, 109, 160–61, 173–78, 304–5, 350–51
as environmental problem, 178
in recycled water, 162–64, 173
Microsoft, 229
microwave ovens, and water, 40–41, 325
Miller, Grant, 7, 317
Mirage hotel, 52–53, 58, 62
Mission Industries laundry, Las Vegas, 63–66, 67, 68, 330
Mississippi, 101, 102–103, 109, 337
Mississippi River, 99, 168, 170, 240, 336, 359
canals to divert flooding of, 85
Molhaka, India, 240, 247
Monsanto, 117, 118–19, 300, 349
Moon, 109, 258
water on, 34, 227–28, 235, 294, 356–57
Morley, Rosemary, 150–51, 152–54, 160–61, 165, 178, 181
Mother Dairy, India, 247
Moulamein, Australia, 183, 224
Mulroy, Patricia, 51, 56–63, 66, 69–70, 71, 72, 74, 80, 81–86, 176, 306, 329
Mumbai, India, 16, 226, 228, 261
Mundaring Weir, 197–98, 200, 353
municipal water systems, see water utilities
Murphy, Sue, 203, 210–12, 273–74, 354
Murray-Darling Basin, Australia, 170–71, 190–91, 214, 274, 350, 352, 353
Murray Irrigation, 191, 192, 352
Murray River, Australia, 154, 155, 167, 199, 216, 287
description of, 170–71, 191, 194–5
domestication of, 190–91, 195–96
drought and, 115, 169, 170–71, 186, 187, 192, 196, 197, 280
economic importance of, 169, 170–71, 190, 191, 194, 280
irrigation from, 183, 184, 191, 194, 196, 215
management of, 215, 280–81
overallocation of, 196–97, 280
total inflow to, 196, 283, 350
mussels, 74, 75, 76
Nahata, Vijay, 261, 262, 263
Nai Nangla, India, 244–50
Nalco, 123
Napoleon, Ohio, 267, 276
NASA, 1, 34, 227, 316, 323, 324, 356, 366, 368
Nassau, USS, 106, 107, 108
National Weather Service, “leave or die” hurricane warning of, 92, 336
natural gas, 24, 65, 94–96, 103, 298, 350–51, 367
Naumann, Bruce, 116
Navi Mumbai, India, 260–64
Navy, U.S., 106–7, 108
“nega-liters,” 211
Nestlé, 134; see also Poland Spring
Nevada, 14, 54, 56, 80, 190, 328
water rights in, 60–61
see also Las Vegas, Nev.
NEWater program, Singapore, 158, 159, 346
Newman, Paul, 49
New York, N.Y., 6, 137, 259, 268, 279, 303, 310, 346
New York New York hotel, 57, 59, 329
New York Times, 60, 101, 351
Niagara Falls, 2, 205, 298, 353, 370
Noah, 22
North Carolina, 14, 28, 194
nuclear power plants, water used by, 5, 18–19, 74, 320
Nunes, Sharon, 130, 131, 132
“oarsman,” 296
Obama, Barack, 84–85, 138, 167, 343
Occoquan Reservoir, Va., 158, 346
oceans and lakes, 30, 32, 33, 34, 37, 43, 204
evaporation from, 35, 72
tempering influence of, 42
volume of, 32, 39, 323
Ogallala Aquifer, 20, 85
Okeechobee, Lake, 20, 140
Old Testament, water in, 22, 49, 321
olivine (mineral), 37
Orange County, Calif., water recycling in, 158, 162, 346
Orange County, Fla., water recycling in, 305–6, 369–70
Orion and Orion Molecular Cloud, 30–31, 323
Orlando, Fla., 69, 305–6, 330
Orme, Tenn., 11–12, 16, 20, 318
Ortega, Cindy, 118–19, 143–44, 309–10
Palmer, Arnold, 66, 68
parts per trillion, water contaminants, 163, 174–75, 177
Patton, Paul, 143, 345
Payne, Daren, 100
PCB, pollution by GE, 142, 344–45
Pennant Hills Golf Club, Australia, 140, 344
Pennsylvania, 100–101, 102, 139, 270–72, 298
Pentair, 251–52
Pepsi, 47, 134
Perdue, Sonny, 73, 78–79, 332, 334
Perrier, 138
Persian Gulf, 281, 365
Perth, Australia, 151, 166, 167, 168–69, 197–209, 210–12, 214, 215, 237, 273–74, 349
climate of, 203
desalination plant in, 203–8
English-style gardens in, 168, 203
rainwater inflows to, 168, 199–203, 349
water conservation in, 204, 209, 211–12
water culture in, 203–4, 208–9, 210–12, 302
water politics in, 198, 203–7, 208–9
Peter Cooper Village, 279
pharmaceutical residue, in water, 84, 156, 160, 175, 177
Philadelphia, Pa., 310, 362
early water system of, 6, 267, 310, 362
Phnom Penh, Cambodia, 233, 358
Phoenix, Ariz., 54, 184, 351
Planet Hollywood hotel, 53
plate tectonics, 2, 37, 39
Plato, on water, 275, 364
plumbing, indoor, 109, 337–38
Pocono Mountains, Pa., 310–11
Poland Spring water, 6, 19, 132–33, 136
Poland Spring, Me., 6
polarity and polar molecules, in water, 41–42, 49
politics, see water politics
pollution, 8, 16, 24, 43, 123, 140, 142, 174, 224, 230–31, 233, 257–58, 344, 350, 358
bacteriological, 17, 238, 258, 358, 361
see also micropollutants
“Poowoomba,” Australia, 160, 164
population, world, 12–13, 14, 16–17, 319
population growth, 21, 289, 300–301
in Atlanta, 74, 77, 303, 332
in India, 16, 226–27, 261, 355
in Las Vegas, 15–16, 54–55, 60, 328
poverty, 13, 20, 225, 226–27, 233, 245–46, 290–91; see also water poverty
power plants:
nuclear, 18–19, 320
water use of, 5, 18–19, 21, 76, 316
precipitation and rainfall, 14, 35, 54, 55, 152, 168, 201, 327, 349
proteins, shape, and water, 27–28
Prozac, 24, 174
purple bankclimber mussel, 74, 75
purple-pipe water systems, 115, 116, 117, 305–6
PUR water filters, 48–49, 177
Queensland, 148, 159, 179
recycled water in, 163, 180, 348
Quicken Loans Arena, Cleveland, 287–89, 365–66
Quran, water in, 22, 320
Radarranges, 40
rainwater harvesting, 151, 253, 255–56
Ramia, Joe, 148
Rao, Hanumantha, 250–51
Raytheon Manufacturing, 40–41
Reames, Tony, 11–12
recycled water, 9, 17, 114–17, 158, 211, 305–6, 346
for golf courses, 67, 68, 140
on International Space Station, 302, 368
in Las Vegas, 62–63, 64–66, 67, 71–72, 86–87
public education about, 157–158, 162–165, 181
science of, 162–64, 173–75, 348
Toowoomba’s planned use of, 150–51, 152–54, 155–66, 178, 179, 180
yuck factor and, 145, 160, 164, 165, 172
recycling, of plastic water bottles, 137, 343
red blood cells, 43–44, 46, 326
redwood tree rings, 201
Reinhold, Robert, 60
residence time, water in the atmosphere, 324
Rethod, Bhimrao, 264
reuse water, see recycled water
reverse osmosis (RO), 47, 156, 163, 207–8, 237, 251–52
rice farming, 18, 171, 182, 183–89, 190–93, 214, 351
water requirements for, 185–86, 192–93, 352
Riley, Bob, 76
Rio Grande, 281
rocks, age of, 28
Rohret, Bill, 67–69, 330
Roman Empire, aqueducts of, 6, 96
Ronak (Indian college student), 247–48
Royal Caribbean Cruises, 21, 117, 124–25, 127
runoff, 168, 349
Ruyters, Herman, 148
Sacramento Bee, 273
Safe Drinking Water Act, 176, 342, 367
St. Lucia, 15
Salisbury, Australia, 112, 113, 114–17
San Francisco, Calif., 137
San Luis Resort, 92–93, 94, 103, 104, 111, 336
Santa Fe, N.Mex., water rates in, 277, 278, 365
Saturn, water on moon of, 294, 366
Saudi Arabia, 131–32
SA Water, 114, 115, 116, 117, 349, 354
Schaefer, Vincent, 141
Schuyler, Ronald, 336–37
scum lines, 98
Seabees, 106–7
sea levels, 39
