The Small and the Mighty, page 30
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 9
“White Man Assaults Booker Washington,” New York Times, March 20, 1911, 1.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 10
Stephanie Deutsch, You Need a Schoolhouse: Booker T. Washington, Julius Rosenwald, and the Building of Schools for the Segregated South (Evanston, IL: Northwestern University Press, 2011), 96.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 11
Deutsch, You Need a Schoolhouse, 98.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 12
Deutsch, You Need a Schoolhouse, 99.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 13
Deutsch, You Need a Schoolhouse, 106.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 14
Deutsch, You Need a Schoolhouse, 107.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 15
Deutsch, You Need a Schoolhouse, 107.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 16
Deutsch, You Need a Schoolhouse, 114.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 17
Ascoli, Julius Rosenwald, 123–24.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 18
T. H. Alexander, “Rosenwald, Friend of Negro Education, Sees Steady Business Growth in South,” The Tennessean, October 2, 1927, 45.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 19
Anderson, The Education of Blacks in the South, 162.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 20
Michael J. Solender, “Inside the Rosenwald Schools,” Smithsonian, March 30, 2021.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 21
Karen Heller, “The Enlightening Legacy of the Rosenwald Schools,” Washington Post, August 30, 2015.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 22
Hasia R. Diner, Julius Rosenwald: Repairing the World (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2017), 217–18.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 23
William Allison Sweeney, History of the American Negro in the Great World War (New York: Negro Universities Press, 1969), 278.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 24
Ascoli, Julius Rosenwald, 152.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 25
Eighteen: The Inouyes, Hawaii, 1924
Daniel K. Inouye and Lawrence Elliott, Journey to Washington (Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1967), 2–3.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 1
Inouye and Elliott, Journey to Washington, 4–5.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 2
Inouye and Elliott, Journey to Washington, 5.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 3
Inouye and Elliott, Journey to Washington, 14.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 4
Inouye and Elliott, Journey to Washington, 28.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 5
“Hawaii: Life in a Plantation Society,” Library of Congress, https://www.loc.gov/classroom-materials/immigration/japanese/hawaii-life-in-a-plantation-society/.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 6
Inouye and Elliott, Journey to Washington, 43–44.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 7
Inouye and Elliott, Journey to Washington, 49.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 8
Inouye and Elliott, Journey to Washington, 50.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 9
Inouye and Elliott, Journey to Washington, 45.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 10
Inouye and Elliott, Journey to Washington, 23.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 11
Inouye and Elliott, Journey to Washington, 52.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 12
Inouye and Elliott, Journey to Washington, 54–55.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 13
Inouye and Elliott, Journey to Washington, 55.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 14
“Personal Justice Denied,” chapter 11, 261, National Archives, https://www.archives.gov/research/japanese-americans/justice-denied.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 15
Inouye and Elliott, Journey to Washington, 59.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 16
“Daniel Inouye and Norman Mineta: In Defense of Liberty,” What It Takes (podcast), American Academy of Achievement, May 9, 2022.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 17
“Daniel Inouye and Norman Mineta: In Defense of Liberty.”
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 18
Inouye and Elliott, Journey to Washington, 61.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 19
James Rawls and Walton Bean, California: An Interpretive History (New York: McGraw-Hill, 2012), 276.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 20
“Anti-Japanese Propaganda,” Hampton Roads Naval Museum, 4, https://www.history.navy.mil/content/dam/museums/hrnm/Education/EducationWebsiteRebuild/AntiJapanesePropaganda/AntiJapanesePropagandaInfoSheet/Anti-Japanese%20Propaganda%20info.pdf.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 21
“How to Tell Japs from the Chinese,” Life, December 22, 1941, 81–82, https://inside.sfuhs.org/dept/history/US_History_reader/Chapter11/howtotell.htm.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 22
Executive Order 9066, February 19, 1942; General Records of the United States Government; Record Group 11; National Archives.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 23
Greg Robinson, By Order of the President (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2009), 261.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 24
Nineteen: The Minetas, California, 1942
Andrea Warren, Enemy Child (New York: Holiday House, 2019), 14–16.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 1
Warren, Enemy Child, 19.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 2
“Civilian Exclusion Order: Instructions to All Persons of Japanese Ancestry,” National Museum of American History, https://americanhistory.si.edu/collections/nmah_1694663.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 3
“Lorraine Bannai Interview,” Densho Digital Archive, Densho Visual History Collection, Interviewers: Margaret Chon and Alice Ito, Seattle, Washington, March 23 and 24, 2000, Densho ID: denshovh-blorraine-01-0035, https://ddr.densho.org/media/ddr-densho-1000/ddr-densho-1000-113-35-transcript-15b6a71059.htm.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 4
Warren, Enemy Child, 39.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 5
Ken Ringle, “The Patriot: Norman Mineta Was Interned by His Country, but Still He Loved It. Then He Changed It,” Washington Post, August 20, 2000.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 6
Warren, Enemy Child, 50.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 7
Warren, Enemy Child, 52–53.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 8
Warren, Enemy Child, 59–61.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 9
Warren, Enemy Child, 61.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 10
Esmeralda Bermudez, “A Japanese Internment Camp Revisited,” Los Angeles Times, August 21, 2011.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 11
Heart Mountain World War II Japanese American Confinement Site, “Life in the Camp,” Medical Care, https://www.heartmountain.org/history/life-in-the-camp/.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 12
Mike Mackey, ed., “Remembering Heart Mountain: Essays on Japanese American Internment in Wyoming” (Powell, WY: Western History Publications, 1988), 183.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 13
Julie Beck, “Two Boy Scouts Met in an Internment Camp, and Grew Up to Work in Congress,” The Atlantic, May 17, 2019.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 14
Twenty: Daniel Inouye, Europe, 1943
Daniel K. Inouye and Lawrence Elliott, Journey to Washington (Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1967), 64.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 1
Inouye and Elliott, Journey to Washington, 66–67.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 2
Inouye and Elliott, Journey to Washington, 64.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 3
Inouye and Elliott, Journey to Washington, 74.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 4
“Daniel Inouye and Norman Mineta: In Defense of Liberty,” What It Takes (podcast), American Academy of Achievement, May 9, 2022.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 5
Inouye and Elliott, Journey to Washington, 104–5.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 6
Inouye and Elliott, Journey to Washington, 151.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 7
Inouye and Elliott, Journey to Washington, 153.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 8
“Daniel Inouye and Norman Mineta: In Defense of Liberty,” What It Takes.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 9
Inouye and Elliott, Journey to Washington, 157.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 10
“Going for Broke: The 442nd Regimental Combat Team,” National World War II Museum, New Orleans, September 24, 2020.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 11
Inouye and Elliott, Journey to Washington, 209.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 12
Inouye and Elliott, Journey to Washington, 249.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 13
Daniel Inouye, Dedication of Plaque Honoring Senator Bob Dole, C-SPAN.org, April 12, 2011, https://www.c-span.org/video/?298986-1/dedication-plaque-honoring-senator-bob-dole, 17:08–17:15.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 14
Twenty-One: Norman Mineta, 1950s
“Norman Mineta and His Legacy: An American Story,” PBS, May 20, 2019.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 1
“Norman Mineta and His Legacy.”
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 2
“Men and Events,” Los Angeles Times, April 18, 1971, 61.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 3
Ken Ringle, “The Patriot: Norman Mineta Was Interned by His Country, but Still He Loved It. Then He Changed It,” Washington Post, August 20, 2000.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 4
Nos. 08-7412 and 08-762, In the Supreme Court of the United States, Terrance Jamar Graham, Petitioner, v. Florida, Respondent. Joe Harris Sullivan, Petitioner, v. Florida, Respondent. Brief of Former Juvenile Offenders Charles S. Dutton, Former Sen. Alan K. Simpson, R. Dwayne Betts, Luis Rodriguez, Terry K. Ray, T. J. Parsell, and Ishmael Beah as Amici Curiae in Support of Petitioners, July 23, 2009, 12–13.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 5
“Norman Mineta, Alan Simpson Became Lifelong Friends at Japanese Internment Camp,” documentary, KPIX CBS News Bay Area, June 15, 2022.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 6
Julie Beck, “Two Boy Scouts Met in an Internment Camp, and Grew Up to Work in Congress,” The Atlantic, May 17, 2019.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 7
“Norman Mineta and Alan Simpson, an Epic Political and Personal Bond, Forged Behind Barbed Wire,” video interview, Washington Post, August 18, 2017.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 8
“Norman Mineta, Alan Simpson Became Lifelong Friends at Japanese Internment Camp.”
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 9
President Ronald Reagan, “Remarks on Signing the Bill Providing Restitution for the Wartime Internment of Japanese-American Civilians,” Ronald Reagan Presidential Library and Museum, August 10, 1988.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 10
“Norman Mineta and His Legacy.”
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 11
“Norman Mineta and His Legacy.”
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 12
Reagan, “Remarks on Signing the Bill Providing Restitution for the Wartime Internment of Japanese-American Civilians.”
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 13
“Norman Mineta and His Legacy.”
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 14
“Norman Mineta and His Legacy.”
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 15
Pat Morrison, “Norman Mineta on Internment, 9/11 and a Life Spent in the Vortex of American Politics,” Los Angeles Times, May 8, 2019.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 16
“September 11, 2001: Attack on America,” Statement by Norman Y. Mineta Before the Senate Appropriations Subcommittee on Transportation, September 20, 2001.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 17
“Remarks Following Discussions with Prime Minister Jean Chretien of Canada,” George W. Bush, September 24, 2001.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 18
“Norman Mineta and His Legacy.”
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 19
Joseph R. Biden, “Funeral Service of Daniel Inouye,” YouTube, video, December 21, 2012, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ho1Wh18gXu0, 10:33–10:50.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 20
Barack H. Obama, “Funeral Service of Daniel Inouye,” YouTube, video, December 21, 2012, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ho1Wh18gXu0, 35:04–35:28.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 21
Xavier Vavasseur, “U.S. Navy Commissions Its 69th Arleigh Burke-class Destroyer,” Naval News, December 9, 2021, https://www.navalnews.com/naval-news/2021/12/u-s-navy-commissions-its-69th-arleigh-burke-class-destroyer/.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 22
Daniel K. Inouye and Lawrence Elliott, Journey to Washington (Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1967), 97.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 23
“Statement on the Passing of Senator Daniel K. Inouye,” press release, December 17, 2012, https://www.higp.hawaii.edu/spacegrant/old/Statement_on_the_Passing_of_Senator_Inouye.pdf.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 24
“Norman Mineta and His Legacy.”
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 25
Twenty-Two: Claudette Colvin, Alabama, 1950s
“The Other Rosa Parks: Now 73, Claudette Colvin Was First to Refuse Giving Up Seat on Montgomery Bus,” interview, Democracy Now!, March 29, 2013, https://www.democracynow.org/2013/3/29/the_other_rosa_parks_now_73#:~:text=In%20March%201955%2C%20she%20was,way%20to%20the%20Supreme%20Court.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 1
Phillip M. Hoose, Claudette Colvin: Twice Toward Justice (New York: Farrar, Straus & Giroux, 2014), 11.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 2
Hoose, Claudette Colvin, 23.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 3
“Alabama Executes Jeremiah Reeves After Police Torture Him into False Confession,” Equal Justice Initiative, March 28, 1958, https://calendar.eji.org/racial-injustice/mar/28.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 4
Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., “Statement Delivered at the Prayer Pilgrimage Protesting the Electrocution of Jeremiah Reeves,” The Martin Luther King, Jr. Research and Education Institute, Stanford University, April 6, 1958, https://kinginstitute.stanford.edu/king-papers/documents/statement-delivered-prayer-pilgrimage-protesting-electrocution-jeremiah-reeves.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 5
Hoose, Claudette Colvin, 26.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 6
Hoose, Claudette Colvin, 29.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 7
Hoose, Claudette Colvin, 34.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 8
Hoose, Claudette Colvin, 34.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 9
Hoose, Claudette Colvin, 35.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 10
Phillip Tucker Thomas, Claudette Colvin: Forgotten Mother of the Civil Rights Movement (N.p.: PublishNation LLC, 2020).
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 11
Hoose, Claudette Colvin, 37.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 12
Thomas, Claudette Colvin, location 1285, Kindle.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 13
Hoose, Claudette Colvin, 45.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 14
“Negro Girl Found Guilty of Segregation Violation,” Alabama Journal, March 19, 1955, 13.
BACK TO NOTE REFERENCE 15
John A. Salmond, The Conscience of a Lawyer: Clifford J. Durr and American Civil Liberties, 1899–1975 (Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press, 1990), 2.
