All the King’s Men, page 57
14. Ibid.
15. ‘A Jacobite Narrative of the War in Ireland’, quoted in Brooks, Cassell’s Battlefields of Britain and Ireland, p. 579.
16. Quoted in ibid., p. 581.
17. Ibid., p. 579.
18. [Anonymous], A True Relation of the Battle of the Boyne in Ireland.
19. ‘Account by Rowland Davies, Chaplain to a Williamite Cavalry Regiment’, quoted in John Lewis-Stempel, The Autobiography of the British Soldier: From Agincourt to Basra, in His Own Words (2007), pp. 55–6.
20. Ibid., p. 56.
21. Ibid.
22. Quoted in Vallance, The Glorious Revolution, p. 218.
23. Ibid., p. 219.
24. Quoted in Brooks, Cassell’s Battlefields of Britain and Ireland, p. 585.
25. Quoted in Holmes, Marlborough, p. 72.
26. Ibid.
27. Ian Roy, ‘Towards the Standing Army 1485–1660’, in Chandler, The Oxford History of the British Army, pp. 28–30.
28. Chandler, Marlborough as Military Commander, p. 64; Chandler, Blenheim Preparation, p. 8.
29. Childs, ‘The Restoration Army 1660–1702’, p. 65.
30. Maréchal de Puységur, quoted in Chandler, Blenheim Preparation, p. 75.
31. Chandler, Marlborough as Military Commander, p. 64.
32. Childs, ‘The Restoration Army 1660–1702’, p. 66.
33. Blacklock, The Royal Scots Greys, p. 2.
34. Quoted in Holmes, Marlborough, p. 102.
35. Chandler, Blenheim Preparation, p. 110.
36. Ibid., p. 121.
37. Ibid., p. 122.
4. The War of the Spanish Succession
1. Chandler, Blenheim Preparation, p. 192.
2. Quoted in Chandler, Marlborough as Military Commander, p. 54.
3. Holmes, Marlborough, p. 208.
4. Ibid., p. 480.
5. Arthur Herman, To Rule the Waves: How the British Navy Shaped the Modern World (2005), p. 221.
6. Holmes, Marlborough, p. 189.
7. David Chandler, ‘The Great Captain General 1702–1714’, in Chandler, The Oxford History of the British Army, p. 69.
8. Quoted in Lewis-Stempel, The Autobiography of the British Soldier, p. 58.
9. Ibid, p. 75.
10. Chandler, ‘The Great Captain General’, p. 75.
11. Quoted in Lewis-Stempel, The Autobiography of the British Soldier, p. 57.
12. Quoted in Holmes, Marlborough, p. 225.
13. Ibid.
14. David Chandler (ed.), Military Memoirs: Robert Parker and the Comte de Mérode-Westerloo (1968), p. 20.
15. Ibid., p. 25.
16. Holmes, Marlborough, p. 233.
5. The March to the Danube
1. Holmes, Marlborough, p. 235.
2. Quoted in ibid., p. 253.
3. Ibid., p. 256.
4. Corelli Barnett, Marlborough (first published 1974; this edition 1999), p. 82.
5. Charles Spencer, Blenheim: Battle for Europe (2004), pp. 135–6.
6. Captain Richard Kane, quoted in Holmes, Marlborough, p. 258.
7. Chandler, Military Memoirs: Robert Parker and the Comte de Mérode-Westerloo, p. 31.
8. David Chandler (ed.), Military Miscellany II: Manuscripts from Marlborough’s Wars, the American War of Independence and the Boer War (2005), p. 40.
9. David Chandler (ed.), Journal of Marlborough’s Campaigns … by John Marshall Deane (1984), p. 5.
10. Marlborough to his brother, 18 June 1704, in Marlborough Correspondence (5 vols., 1845), Vol. I, p. 313.
11. Ibid., 8 June 1704, p. 301.
12. Ibid., 22 June 1704, p. 321.
13. Chandler, Blenheim Preparation, p. 226.
14. Dr Francis Hare, ‘Detailed Account of the Action at the Schellenberg’, quoted in Marlborough Correspondence, Vol. I, p. 352.
15. Walter Horsley (ed.), The Chronicles of an Old Campaigner: M. de la Colonie 1692–1717 (1904), p. 176.
16. Ibid., p. 177.
17. Hare, ‘Detailed Account of the Action at the Schellenberg’, p. 332.
18. G. F. Bacon, ‘Early History of the Scots Greys’, Navy and Army Illustrated, 15 Jan. 1897.
19. Hare, ‘Detailed Account of the Action at the Schellenberg’, p. 333.
20. Horsley, The Chronicles of an Old Campaigner, p. 179.
21. Hare, ‘Detailed Account of the Action at the Schellenberg’, p. 334.
22. Horsley, The Chronicles of an Old Campaigner, p. 181.
23. Hare, ‘Detailed Account of the Action at the Schellenberg’, pp. 334–5.
24. Horsley, The Chronicles of an Old Campaigner, pp. 182–3.
25. Hare, ‘Detailed Account of the Action at the Schellenberg’, p. 335.
26. Ibid., p. 336.
27. Ibid.
28. Ibid., p. 337.
29. Horsley, The Chronicles of an Old Campaigner, pp. 184–5.
30. Hare, ‘Detailed Account of the Action at the Schellenberg’, p. 337.
31. Horsley, The Chronicles of an Old Campaigner, p. 187.
32. Hare, ‘Detailed Account of the Action at the Schellenberg’, p. 337.
33. Ibid., pp. 337–8.
34. Quoted in James Falkner, Marlborough’s Wars: Eyewitness Accounts 1702–1713 (2005), p. 49.
35. Horsley, The Chronicles of an Old Campaigner, pp. 192–4.
36. Hare, ‘Detailed Account of the Action at the Schellenberg’, p. 338.
37. Holmes, Marlborough, p. 274; Chandler, Marlborough as Military Commander, p. 137.
38. Spencer, Blenheim, p. 185.
39. John Hunter, an eighteenth-century medical officer and philosopher, quoted in ibid., pp. 185–6.
40. Venning, Following the Drum, pp. 307–8.
41. Holmes, Marlborough, p. 275.
42. Chandler, Journal of Marlborough’s Campaigns, pp. 7–8.
43. Lieutenant Richard Pope of Schomberg’s Regiment of Horse, quoted in James Falkner, Great and Glorious Days: Marlborough’s Battles 1704–1709 (2007), p. 44.
6. Blenheim
1. Holmes, Marlborough, p. 277.
2. Ibid., p. 278.
3. Spencer, Blenheim, p. 213.
4. Falkner, Great and Glorious Days, p. 53.
5. Holmes, Marlborough, p. 279.
6. Chandler, Marlborough as Military Commander, p. 140.
7. Chandler, Military Memoirs: Robert Parker and the Comte de Mérode-Westerloo, p. 41.
8. Sergeant John Millner, Journal of All the Marches, Famous Battles, and Sieges (1733), p. 111.
9. Marlborough’s army was comprised of 66 infantry battalions and 160 cavalry squadrons. Only 14 battalions and 14 squadrons were British; the rest were from Holland, Prussia, Denmark, Hesse, Hanover, Switzerland, Austria, Lunenburg, Zell, Swabia, Franconia and Württemberg. See Dr Francis Hare, ‘Account of the Battle of Blenheim’, in Marlborough Correspondence, Vol. I, pp. 397–8.
10. Marlborough to Mr Secretary Harley, 14 Aug. 1704, in ibid., p. 391.
11. Sir Edward Seymour, quoted in Spencer, Blenheim, p. 171.
12. Josias Sandby, quoted in ibid., p. 225.
13. Chandler, Military Memoirs: Robert Parker and the Comte de Mérode-Westerloo, p. 166.
14. Ibid., p. 168.
15. Chandler, Blenheim Preparations, p. 260.
16. Hare, ‘Account of the Battle of Blenheim’, p. 400.
17. Falkner, Marlborough’s Wars, p. 63.
18. Hare, ‘Account of the Battle of Blenheim’, p. 401.
19. Mérode-Westerloo, quoted in Chandler, Military Memoirs: Robert Parker and the Comte de Mérode-Westerloo, p. 164.
20. Chandler, Blenheim Preparation, p. 260.
21. Hare, ‘Account of the Battle of Blenheim’, p. 403.
22. Spencer, Blenheim, p. 247.
23. Chandler, Military Memoirs: Robert Parker and the Comte de Mérode-Westerloo, p. 169.
24. Spencer, Blenheim, p. 258.
25. Hare, ‘Account of the Battle of Blenheim’, p. 405.
26. Sergeant Millner, Journal of All the Marches, p. 117.
27. Chandler, Military Memoirs: Robert Parker and the Comte de Mérode-Westerloo, p. 172.
28. Spencer, Blenheim, p. 270.
29. Ibid., p. 271.
30. Hare, ‘Account of the Battle of Blenheim’, p. 405.
31. Sergeant Millner, Journal of All the Marches, pp. 118–19.
32. Spencer, Blenheim, p. 273.
33. Hare, ‘Account of the Battle of Blenheim’, pp. 405–6.
34. Chandler, Military Memoirs: Robert Parker and the Comte de Mérode-Westerloo, pp. 173–6.
35. Falkner, Great and Glorious Days, p. 76.
36. Spencer, Blenheim, p. 278.
37. Chandler, Military Memoirs: Robert Parker and the Comte de Mérode-Westerloo, p. 43.
38. Hare, ‘Account of the Battle of Blenheim’, p. 407.
39. Ibid., p. 408.
40. Chandler, Blenheim Preparation, pp. 260–61.
41. Hare, ‘Account of the Battle of Blenheim’, p. 408.
42. Chandler, Blenheim Preparation, p. 261.
43. Ibid., pp. 408–9.
44. Chandler, Marlborough as Military Commander, p. 148; Spencer, Blenheim, p. 295.
45. Falkner, Marlborough’s Wars, p. 71.
46. Marlborough to Mr Secretary Harley, 14 Aug. 1704, in Marlborough Correspondence, Vol. I, pp. 392–3.
47. Chandler, Marlborough as Military Commander, p. 149.
48. Barnett, Marlborough, p. 127.
49. Allan Mallinson, The Making of the British Army (2010), p. 64.
50. Spencer, Blenheim, p. 312.
51. Barnett, Marlborough, p. 239.
52. Ibid., pp. 239–40.
53. Chandler, Military Memoirs: Robert Parker and the Comte de Mérode-Westerloo, p. 126.
54. Ibid., p. 262.
55. Holmes, Marlborough, p. 481.
7. The Two Georges
1. Anthony Clayton, The British Officer: Leading the Army from 1660 to the Present (2006), p. 38.
2. John Parker, Black Watch: The Inside Story of the Oldest Highland Regiment in the British Army (2006), p. 14.
3. Ibid., p. 482.
4. Chandler, Military Memoirs: Robert Parker and the Comte de Mérode-Westerloo, pp. 125–6.
5. Clayton, The British Officer, pp. 44–5.
6. White-Spunner, Horse Guards, p. 194.
7. Ibid., pp. 192–3.
8. Hew Strachan, The Politics of the British Army (1997), pp. 23–4.
9. White-Spunner, Horse Guards, p. 194.
10. Clayton, The British Officer, pp. 39–40.
11. John Prebble, Culloden (1961; this edition 1967), p. 19.
12. Ibid., pp. 22–3.
13. Ibid., p. 23.
14. Letter from Gunner James Hardcastle to his father, 25 Aug. 1743 (O.S.), NAM, 1976–07–40.
15. A. D. L. Cary and S. McCance, Regimental Records of the Royal Welch Fusiliers. Vol. I: 1689–1815 (1920; this edition 2005), pp. 106–7.
16. Ibid., p. 107.
17. Corelli Barnett, Britain and Her Army: A Military, Political and Social History of the British Army 1509–1970 (1970; this edition 1999), p. 184.
18. Cary and McCance, Regimental Records of the Royal Welch Fusiliers. Vol. I, p. 107.
8. James Wolfe
1. Wolfe to his father, 4 July 1743, in Beckles Willson, The Life and Letters of James Wolfe (1909), p. 37.
2. Ibid., pp. 37–8.
3. Prebble, Culloden, p. 33.
4. Ibid., p. 35.
5. Ibid., p. 38.
6. Willson, Life and Letters of James Wolfe, p. 53.
7. Ibid., p. 54.
8. Ibid.
9. Stephen Brumwell, Paths of Glory: The Life and Death of General James Wolfe (2006), p. 45.
10. Ibid., pp. 46–7.
11. Ibid., p. 47.
12. Ibid.
13. Ibid., p. 48.
14. Ibid.
15. Ibid.
16. Ibid., pp. 49–50.
17. Prebble, Culloden, p. 18.
18. Willson, Life and Letters of James Wolfe, p. 59.
19. Prebble, Culloden, p. 223.
20. Richard Holmes, Redcoat: The British Soldier in the Age of Horse and Musket (2001; this edition 2002), p. 295.
21. Prebble, Culloden, pp. 13, 23.
22. Ibid., p. 26.
23. Ibid., p. 28.
24. Willson, Life and Letters of James Wolfe, p. 61.
25. Prebble, Culloden, p. 31.
26. Ibid., p. 91.
27. Ibid., p. 92.
28. Ibid., p. 97.
29. Wolfe to Henry Delabene, 17 Apr. 1746, in Willson, Life and Letters of James Wolfe, p. 63.
30. Prebble, Culloden, p. 99.
31. Ibid., p. 104.
32. Ibid., p. 105.
33. Wolfe to Henry Delabane, 17 Apr. 1746, in Willson, Life and Letters of James Wolfe, p. 63.
34. Brumwell, Paths of Glory, p. 53.
35. Ibid., p. 54.
36. Wolfe to Henry Delabane, 17 Apr. 1746, in Willson, Life and Letters of James Wolfe, p. 63.
37. Wolfe to William Sotheron, 17 Apr. 1746, in Willson, Life and Letters of James Wolfe, p. 65.
38. Ibid.
39. Wolfe to Captain Hamilton, 19 May 1746, in Willson, Life and Letters of James Wolfe, p. 68.
40. Ibid., 22 July 1746, p. 69.
41. Prebble, Culloden, p. 169.
42. Ibid.
43. Brumwell, Paths of Glory, p. 59.
44. Willson, Life and Letters of James Wolfe, p. 77.
45. Brumwell, Paths of Glory, pp. 62–3.
46. Wolfe to his father, Oct. 1751, in Willson, Life and Letters of James Wolfe, p. 157.
47. Ibid., pp. 88–9.
48. Holmes, Redcoat, p. 293.
49. Brumwell, Paths of Glory, p. 107.
50. Ibid., p. 108.
51. Ibid., pp. 112–13.
52. Ibid., p. 113.
53. Ibid., p. 130.
54. Andrew Cormack and Alan Jones (eds.), The Journal of Corporal Todd 1745–1762 (2001), p. xiii.
55. Ibid., pp. 1–2.
56. Ibid., pp. 2–3.
57. Ibid., pp. 3, 6–7.
58. Ibid., pp. 7, 10.
59. Ibid., pp. 16, 18.
9. The Seven Years War
1. Frank McLynn, 1759: The Year Britain Became Master of the World (2004), p. 95.
2. Cormack and Jones, The Journal of Corporal Todd, pp. 33–4. Todd would later fight in Germany with the 30th and 12th regiments of foot. He survived the war, married and had a daughter, and died in the East Riding in 1791 at the age of sixty-seven.
3. Wolfe to Major Walter Wolfe, 18 Oct. 1757, in Willson, Life and Letters of James Wolfe, pp. 336–7.
4. Brumwell, Paths of Glory, p. 135.
5. Wolfe to Major Rickson, 5 Nov.1757, in Willson, Life and Letters of James Wolfe, p. 339.
6. Giles MacDonogh, Frederick the Great (1999), p. 264.
7. Ibid., p. 265.
8. Barnett, Britain and Her Army, p. 181.
9. Ibid., p. 183.
10. Brumwell, Paths of Glory, p. 141.
11. Ibid., p. 150.
12. Lieutenant Thomas Bell of the marines, quoted in ibid., p. 160.
13. Ibid., p. 161.
14. Ibid., p. 159.
15. Wolfe to Major Walter Wolfe, 27 July 1758, in Willson, Life and Letters of James Wolfe, p. 385.
16. Ibid., p. 49.
10. Quebec
1. Brumwell, Paths of Glory, p. 170.
2. Ibid., p. 172.
3. Ibid., p. 176.
4. Wolfe to Major Walter Wolfe, 29 Jan. 1759, in Willson, Life and Letters of James Wolfe, p. 385.
5. Pitt to Amherst, 29 Dec. 1758, in Brumwell, Paths of Glory, p. 178.
6. Ibid.
7. Wolfe to Major Walter Wolfe, 19 May 1759, in Willson, Life and Letters of James Wolfe, p. 427.
8. Ibid., p. 428.
9. Brumwell, Paths of Glory, p. 190.
10. Stephen Brumwell, Redcoats: The British Soldier and War in the Americas 1755–1763 (2000; this edition 2006), p. 96.
11. Ibid., pp. 96–7.
12. Wolfe to Major Walter Wolfe, 19 May 1759, in Willson, Life and Letters of James Wolfe, p. 427.
13. Brumwell, Redcoats, pp. 229–30.
14. Wolfe to Major Walter Wolfe, 19 May 1759, in Willson, Life and Letters of James Wolfe, pp. 427–9.
15. Lieutenant John Knox, 43rd Foot, in Willson, Life and Letters of James Wolfe, p. 436.
16. ‘Genuine Letters from a Volunteer in the British Service at Quebec’, in A. Doughty and G. W. Parmelee, The Siege of Quebec and the Battle of the Plains of Abraham, (6 vols., 1901), Vol. V, p. 15.
17. ‘Sergeant-Major’s Journal’, in ibid., p. 11.
18. Wolfe to Pitt, 2 Sept. 1759, in Willson, Life and Letters of James Wolfe, p. 455.
19. Brumwell, Paths of Glory, p. 202.
20. Wolfe to Pitt, 2 Sept. 1759, in Willson, Life and Letters of James Wolfe, p. 455.
21. Ibid.
22. Brumwell, Paths of Glory, p. 203.
23. Wolfe’s Last Will and Testament, 8 June 1759, in Willson, Life and Letters of James Wolfe, p. 483.
24. Brumwell, Paths of Glory, p. 206.
25. Ibid., p. 210.
26. Willson, Life and Letters of James Wolfe, p. 456.
27. Brumwell, Paths of Glory, p. 210.
28. Ibid.
29. Willson, Life and Letters of James Wolfe, p. 457.
30. Wolfe to Admiral Saunders, 30 Aug. 1759, in Willson, Life and Letters of James Wolfe, p. 461.
31. Wolfe to Pitt, 2 Sept. 1759, in Willson, Life and Letters of James Wolfe, p. 457.
32. Ibid.
33. Humphrys’s journal, British Library Add. MS 45662.
34. Brumwell, Paths of Glory, pp. 222–3.
35. ‘A Journal of the Expedition up the River St Lawrence by the Serjeant-Major of Gen. Hopson’s [Louisbourg] Grenadiers’, in Doughty and Parmelee, The Siege of Quebec, Vol. V, p. 4.
36. Wolfe to Pitt, 2 Sept. 1759, in Willson, Life and Letters of James Wolfe, pp. 457–8.
37. Ibid., p. 458.
38. Captain Alexander Schomberg. R. N., in Brumwell, Paths of Glory, p. 225.
39. Brumwell, Paths of Glory, p. 234.
40. Dan Snow, Death or Victory: The Battle of Quebec and the Birth of Empire (2009), pp. 282–5.
41. Brumwell, Redcoats, p. 123.
42. Ibid., p. 122.
43. Ibid., p. 124.
44. Ibid., p. 125.
