What's Wrong With Mindfulness- Zen Perspectives, page 20
See also deracination… ; instrumentalization… ; secularization…
the Dharma, 79
transmission of, 4, 36
the Dharma of the Mind (Huangbo), 33
dharma talks: giving, 106
Diamond Sutra: Deshan and the old woman on, 34
direct experience, 33, 35–36
direct perception: bare attention as, 144–45, 146
Discourse on the Foundations of/Establishing Mindfulness. See Satipatthana Sutta
discovery of the profundities of Buddhist practice, 15
dismissal of enlightenment, 100–1
Dizang: and Fayan, 10
“Do no harm,” 120
Dogen (Eihei Dogen):
on awakening, 71
on exclusion of women from practice in monasteries in Japan, 126
on the mind, 35(2)
on mindfulness, 71
on not-thinking, 25
on practice, 25, 34, 38. See also on zazen, below
on realization, 6, 42–43
on the self, 34–35
on studying the way, 38
teacher (Rujing), 44
on zazen, 44, 45, 48, 161n14
zazen recommendation, 5, 6, 154
double-blind studies, 62
drinking a cup of tea, 37
dropping body and mind, 35, 36, 44
“… drown… in a sea of hardships, Pray that… you yourself,” 129
drowning in suffering: Schireson on, 125–33
dukkha. See suffering
Dzogchen, 107, 146, 171n25
E
the earth: eco-practice for, 119–20, 122–23
eating practice, 135, 136, 137
eco-practice, 119–20, 122–23
educational context for teaching mindfulness, 17–18, 76
EEGs, 55–56
effect size in Khoury meta-analysis, 62, 164n17
ego strength (pride):
danger of, 30–31, 32
fantasy of attainment, 67
eight stages of insight, 140
emotional intelligence, 18
emptiness:
appreciation of, 25
falling into, 147
Ending the Pursuit of Happiness (Magid), 22
engagement with Buddhist doctrine/forms: transformation as, 147
engagement with things/conditions as they are: mindfulness as, 73, 127, 132–33, 154
enlightenment (enlightened being/true nature), 102–3, 121
dismissal of, 100–1
mindfulness vs., 36
zazen/daily life as the expression of, 44, 48, 104
See also awakening; liberation; realization
equality, Buddhist teaching of, 131
Erdstein, Max, 8
on mindfulness in Zen and vipassana practice, 94–95, 103–7
ethical failings of Buddhism in Japan leading up to WW II, 150
ethics. See the precepts
“evenly hovering attention,” 113–14
everyday life (daily life):
as the expression of enlightenment/true nature, 48
practice/mindfulness in, 8–9, 106–7
“Everyday life is the Way.,” 153–54
exclusion of women from practice in monasteries in Japan/from leadership in Islamic societies, 126
exploration: zazen as, 46
exploration of unsatisfactoriness:
commodified mindfulness/meditation vs., 16–17(2), 19
“Who is this I… ?,” 30
expression of enlightenment/true nature: zazen/daily life as, 44, 48, 104
F
faith in mindfulness practice: scientific studies and, 22–24
faith in Zen practice, 55
falling into emptiness, 147
fantasies:
of attainment, 67
curative, 42
Fayan Wenyi, 171n28
Dizang and, 10
fear, 25
See also terror
feminization of Buddhism in the West, 47, 48, 132
filter theory, 148–49
Fischer, Noah, 116
Fischer, Norman, 8
on mindfulness in the arts, 109–17
“Solitude,” 109–12
food preparation: mindfulness in, 135–36
for-gain/-self-improvement/goal-oriented/short-term/workshop approach to mindfulness/meditation, 2, 14, 15, 41–42, 43, 45–46, 47–48, 50–51
forgetting the self: mindfulness of, 137
Foulk, T. Griffith, 44
foundations of mindfulness, 70–71
Frankfurt School theorists, 40
freedom. See liberation
Freshman, Clark, 18
Freud, Sigmund, 113–14+q
Fronsdal, Gil, 8, 95+q
on mindfulness in Zen and vipassana practice, 95–100, 100–3, 103–7
Fukushima Roshi:
on Joshu and a nun, 128–31
and Schireson, 126, 127–31, 132, 133
on women and female Zen masters in American Buddhism, 132(2)
fulfillment vs. renunciation, 149
the fundamental question, 38
G
gain (personal gain):
desire for. See desire
mindfulness as for liberation vs., 29–30
scientific justifications for, 24, 54–55, 67
See also for-gain… approach to mindfulness/meditation
Gateles Gate, 34q, 153–54q
gender discrimination against women in monasteries in Japan, 126–32
Gethin, Rupert: on sati as remembering, 143–44
getting out of the way. See negative capability
goal-oriented approach. See for-gain… approach to mindfulness/meditation
the gods: Subhuti and, 117
Goldstein, Joseph, 4, 14, 32, 49
Google’s Search Inside Yourself project, 16–17
gospel concert at Omega, 89–90
gradual transformation, sudden awakening and, 147
grasping at mind: danger of, 32–33
greatness of the Way, 54q
greed, hatred, and ignorance, 121–22
greed and aversion (striving and aversion), 46
acknowledging, 25–26
stimulation of by the commodification of mindfulness/meditation, 26
Griffiths, Paul, 145
Guifeng Zongmi. See Zongmi
Guishan Lingyou, 171n28
Gunaratna, Bante, 14
gut bacteria: and neurotransmitters, 58–59
H
habits: paying attention to, 46
Hakamaya Noriaki, 150
happiness, 6, 22
Buddhism/Zen in America/the West as a science of, 141
The Happiness Project (Rubin), 19–20, 22
harmfulness. See danger of commodified mindfulness/meditation; danger of instrumentalized Buddhist practice
healthcare context for teaching mindfulness, 17, 76
heart, mind as, 58–59
The Heart of Buddhist Meditation (Nyanaponika Thera), 142, 168n9
Heart Sutra, 3
“no” in, 25
Hello, the Roses (Mei-mei Berssenbrugge), 112–13
Heshang Moheyan: Kamalasila vs., 149
holism (“holistic”), 85
Homeless Kodo, 39q
Hongzhou method, 147
hopelessness vs. depression, 139–40, 141
“hovering attention, evenly,” 113–14
Hpo Hlaing, 168n8
Huangbo: on the Dharma of the Mind, 33
Huike (Dazu Huike): and Bodhidharma, 32
Huineng, 50
humility, 66
I
“I”. See the self
“I don’t know,” 10
identity of practice and realization, 45
Ikkyu, 93q
Imperial Way Zen (WW II), 77–78
impermanence of Buddhism/Zen in America, 153
impression, pure: bare attention as, 144–45, 146
improvisation, jazz, 115
industrial intoxicants, 76
insight:
eight stages of, 140
into subject and object, 36
jhanas/absorption as not required for, 142
“My Stroke of Insight” (Taylor), 148+q
institutional support for commodified mindfulness/meditation, 15–18
instruction in Buddhist practice, 15
in right mindfulness, 74, 76; policy makers in need of, 78
students’ seeking of, 18
in zazen, 45–46, 104
See also Buddhist teachings
instrumentalization of Buddhism/Zen in America/the West, 3–4, 7, 24, 26, 40, 52, 141, 154
laicization of Zen practice as, 43–44, 46–47
See also commodification of mindfulness/meditation; instrumentalized Buddhist practice
instrumentalized Buddhist practice: danger of, 40, 41, 46–47
See also commodified mindfulness/meditation
inter-being, 67
interconnectedness: mindfulness and, 8
intimacy in traditional Buddhist community practice, 4
intoxicants, industrial, 76
intrusion of Western man on practice during Tofukuji retreat, 128
investigation of the mind, 104
Islamic societies: exclusion of women from leadership in, 126
J
Japan. See Buddhism in Japan
jazz improvisation, 115
Jha, Amishi, 74q, 76–77q
jhanas (absorption):
as not required for insight, 142
third and fourth, 97
Joshu:
and a nun, 128–31
on meditation, 33
and Nansen, 153–54
judgment: suspending understanding as well as, 117
just sitting (shikantaza), 24–25, 27, 44–45, 45–46, 50
“just this,” 36, 38
K
Kabat-Zinn, Jon, 4
on mindfulness, 34
Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction program (MBSR), 17, 21, 60, 73–74, 149
Kamalasila vs. Heshang Moheyan, 149
Kapleau, Philip: The Three Pillars of Zen, 40, 93q
Keng, Smoski, and Robin’s studies review, 63
Khoury meta-analysis, 62, 164n17
killing the earth, 119–20
knowledge of appearance as terror, 140–41
koans, 161n15
Kornfield, Jack, 4, 32, 49
L
labeling thoughts, 45
laicization of Buddhism/Zen in America/the West, 47, 49
Zen practice, 40–44, 44–47, 48–49, 49–50
law context for teaching mindfulness, 16, 17, 18
lay teachers, 49–50
Lay Zen Teachers Association (LZTA), 49
leadership in Islamic societies: exclusion of women from, 126
Ledi Sayadaw, 73, 142, 168n8
Lesser, Elizabeth, 87
letting go:
of beliefs, 55
and liberation, 31–32, 36
of mindfulness, 100–3
as a natural inclination, 101–2
Lévinas, Emmanuel, 150
liberation (freedom), 102–3, 115
in acceptance of suffering, 130–31
letting go and, 31–32, 36
mindfulness as for, 29–30
See also awakening; enlightenment; realization
life:
as in crisis for young men and women, 116–17
reverence for, 50, 137
See also conditions as they are; everyday life; suffering
limitations on mindfulness practice, 65–67
lineage document, 69
living in the here and now, 34–35, 120–21, 143, 145–47, 148
“the lotus blooms in the mud… ,” 2
Loy, David: “Beyond McMindfulness,” 74–75
LZTA (Lay Zen Teachers Association), 49
M
magical moments in workshops at Omega, 88–89
Magid, Barry, 7, 54q
coda, 153–54
Ending the Pursuit of Happiness, 22
on the three shaky pillars and laicization of Buddhism/Zen in America, 39–44
Mahakashyapa: Dharma transmission from Buddha, 4, 36
Mahasi Sayadaw, 73, 142
making and eating an avocado sandwich, 135–37
Mara: on truth and beliefs, 54–55
marriage for temple priests in Japan, 48–49
materialism, 8
Matsumoto Shiro, 150
maximizing productivity vs. professional commitment, 16, 17
Mazu Daoyi, 147
and Damei Fachang, 31
MBCT (Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy), 149
MBSR (Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction program), 17, 21, 60, 73–74, 149
McMindfulness, 4, 41, 74–75
meal verse (Zen chant), 13, 25–26
medical school context for teaching mindfulness, 17
meditation (meditation practice), 58
Beck on practice and, 125, 127
blissful experiences in, 101–2, 102–3
Buddha in, 95–96
commodification of. See commodification of mindfulness/meditation
commodified. See commodified mindfulness/meditation
danger. See danger of commodified mindfulness/meditation
Dogen on. See under zazen
fantasy of attainment associated with, 67
for gain/self-improvement. See commodified mindfulness/meditation
Joshu on, 33
just sitting, 24–25, 27
mindfulness and, 120–21, 122
mindfulness meditation, 9, 35–36
as poison, 29
and psychotherapy, 46–47
and realization, 42–43
studying of commodified meditation, 18–22
Suzuki on, 32
teachers of commodified meditation, 15, 16–17
teaching of commodified meditation, 15–18
walking meditation, 70
See also vipassana practice; zazen
meditation sickness, 147, 151
meditative states of no-mind, 35–36
mental faculty, mindfulness/sati as a, 8, 9, 96–97
the Middle Way in Buddhism in America, 52
military context for teaching mindfulness, 76–78
mind (Mind), 53–54
and body. See body and mind
the Dharma of the Mind, 33
Dogen on, 35(2)
grasping at, 32–33
as heart, 58–59
investigation of, 104
“Not mind, not buddha,” 31
“This very mind is buddha,” 31
“Zen mind,” 38
The Mind of Clover (Aitken), 53
Mindful Awareness Research Center, 73–74
mindfulness (mindfulness practice), 44
in the arts, 109–17
as awareness, 70–71, 94, 96–97, 99–100. See also sati
as bare attention. See bare attention
benefits, 6, 8–9
as Buddhist, 139–51
in Buddhist practice, 3, 33
canonical perspective on, 14
commodification of. See commodification of mindfulness/meditation
commodified. See commodified mindfulness/meditation
in context, 6, 74
out of context, 16–18, 29, 30, 53, 75–78
danger. See danger of commodified mindfulness…
Dogen on, 71
in eating, 135, 136, 137
as engagement with things/conditions as they are, 73, 127, 132–33, 154
vs. enlightened being, 36
in everyday life, 8–9, 106–7
faith in, 22–24
in food preparation, 135–36
as for liberation vs. personal gain, 29–30
foundations of, 70–71
for gain/self-improvement. See commodified mindfulness…
and interconnectedness, 8
Kabat-Zinn on, 34
letting go, 100–3
limitations on, 65–67
and meditation, 120–21, 122
as a mental faculty, 8, 9, 96–97
as negative capability (getting out of the way), 8, 9, 114, 117
Nhat Hanh on, 71–72, 73
as nothing special, 9
original purpose, 55
as paying attention (being attentive), 36(2)
pitfalls, 115. See also danger of commodified mindfulness…
plastic bags and, 119–20, 122–23
and the precepts, 69–70, 73
as presence, 34–35
psychological factors, 63–67
as remembering/recollecting, 70, 79, 143–44, 169nn13,14
research on. See scientific research on mindfulness/meditation
rhythm in movement, 136
right. See right mindfulness
“the root of mindfulness,” 71
as sampajanna, 99
as sati. See sati
of the self and of forgetting the self, 137
as self-involvement, 4, 6–7
as a slang word, 83
studying of commodified mindfulness, 18–22
of Suzuki Roshi, 137
teachers of commodified mindfulness, 15, 16–17
teaching of commodified mindfulness, 15–18, 73–74, 75, 76–78
utility, 55
vulnerability, 29, 30
in walking, 135, 136, 137
workshop approach to. See for-gain… approach to mindfulness…
in Zen practice, 70–73, 114, 115–16
See also awareness; vipassana practice
“mindfulness à la carte,” 41
Mindfulness Collaborative, 21
mindfulness meditation, 9, 35–36
mindfulness movement, 2–3, 74, 79
Burmese Buddhist origins, 73, 142, 150
concerns about, 148–50, 150–51
ethical and political commitments, 149
metaphysical commitment to perennialism, 148–49, 150
See also commodification of mindfulness/meditation
mindfulness programs, 5–6, 75–78
preapplication questions, 78
mindfulness workshops at Omega, 81–82
Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT), 149
Mindfulness-Based Mind Fitness Training (MMFT) programs, 76–77
Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction program (MBSR), 17, 21, 60, 73–74, 149
Mingun Sayadaw, 142, 168n8
The Miracle of Mindfulness (Nhat Hanh), 71–72
Mirsky model of attention, 164n23
MMFT (Mindfulness-Based Mind Fitness Training) programs, 76–77
modernism, Buddhist (Protestant Buddhism), 141–44
monasteries in Japan:
gender discrimination against women in, 126–32
seating arrangements in the sodo, 127–28, 131
Tofukuji retreat, 125–26, 127–31
monastic life as the expression of Buddhism in Southeast Asia, 48
morality. See the precepts
movement: rhythm in, 136
