Barksdale's Charge, page 35
36. Moore, A Life For The Confederacy, pp. 54, 66-67, 82.
37. Joseph A. Miller Diary, FSNMP.
38. Ezekiel Armstrong Diary, Mississippi Department of Archives and History, Jackson, MS.
39. Joseph A. Miller Diary, FSNMP.
40. Compiled and edited Charles Kelly Barrow and J. H. Segars and Robert B. Rosenburg, “Forgotten Confederates: An Anthology About Black Southerners,” Journal of Confederate History Series, Volume XIV (1995), pp. 23, 117.
41. CMSR, NA; Ronald S. Coddington, African American Faces of the Civil War: An Album (Baltimore: The John Hopkins University Press, 2012), p. 51.
42. William Meshack Abernathy Manuscript, “‘Our Mess: Southern Army Gallantry and Privations, 1861-1865,” Mississippi Department of Archives and History, Jackson, MS; CMSR, NA; Tim Newark, Highlander, The History of the Legendary Highland Soldier (New York: Skyhorse Press, 2009), p. 18.
43. CMSR, NA; Abernathy Manuscript, MDAH; Bettersworth, Your Mississippi, p. 184.
44. CMSR, NA; Davis, Jefferson Davis, pp. 154-159.
45. William C. Nelson to Maria, January 15, 1862; UM; Hawley, “Barksdale’s Mississippi Brigade at Fredericksburg,” CWH, p. 17.
46. William C. Nelson to James H. Nelson, October 17, 1862, UM.
47. Ezekiel Armstrong Diary, MDAH; CMSR, NA.
48. Abernathy Manuscript, MDAH.
49. CMSR; Krick, Lee’s Colonels, pp. 77, 169; Farwell, Ball’s Bluff, pp. 96, 134-135.
50. Dinkins, Personal Experiences and Experiences in the Confederate Army, p. 86.
51. Dinkins, Personal Recollections and Experiences in the Confederate Army, pp. vii, 17, 24-25, 27, 27-28, 73-74, 77-78.
52. Ibid., pp. 37, 49, 87-88; McNeily, “Barksdale’s Mississippi Brigade at Gettysburg,” PMHS, p. 261; CMSR; George Alphonso Gibbs, “war is … a dirty, bloody mess,’ With a Mississippi Private in a Little Known Part Of the Battle of First Bull Run and at Ball’s Bluff,” Civil War Times Illustrated, Vol. 4, No. 1 (April 1965), pp. 42-43; Bettersworth, Your Mississippi, pp. 3, 13-14.
53. Dinkins, 1861-1865, By an old Johnnie, pp. 3-4, 17, 25.
54. J.E.B. Trammell, Jackson, Mississippi, Family Papers; CMSR, NA; J.E.B. Trammell email to author, September 18, 2012; “Narrative of Berkeley Green,” June 27, 1863, J.E.B. Trammel Family Papers..
55. J.E.B, Trammell Family Papers.
56. “Narrative of Berkeley Green,” June 27, 1863, J.E. B. Trammel Family Papers.
57. J.E.B. Trammell Family Papers.
58. Ibid.
59. “Narrative of Berkeley Green,” June 27, 1863, J.E.B. Trammell Family Papers.
60. Ibid.
61. Ibid.
62. Ibid.
63. Oscar Ewing Stuart letter to Annie E. Stuart, December 17, 1862, J.E.B. Trammell Family Papers.
64. ”Narrative of Berkeley Green,” June 27, 1863, J.E.B. Trammell Family Papers.
65. John A. Barksdale to Oscar J. E. Stuart, June 29, 1863, J.E.B. Trammell Family Papers; CMSR, NA.
66. J.E.B. Trammell Family Papers; CMSR, NA
67. Ibid., pp. 39, 41, 71; William Miller Owen, In Camp And Battle With The Washington Artillery (Dayton: Morningside, 1972) pp. 215, 231; Biographical Files of Mississippi Soldiers, Mississippi Department of History and Archives, Jackson, Mississippi; CMSR, NA.
68. Perry Lee Rainwater, editor, “The Autobiography of Benjamin Grubb Humphreys,” MississippiValley Historical Review (September 1934), vol. 20, pp. 244-245.
69. Wert, A Glorious Army, p. 16; CMSR; Boatner, The Civil War Dictionary, pp. 417-418; Cross, They Sleep Beneath the Mockingbird, pp. 36-38; Rochingham Post-Dispatch, Richmond County, North Carolina, November 30, 1949; “History of Itta Bena (Leflore County) Mississippi,” History50States.com, internet; The Delta General, August 2010, vol. 13, issue 8, Brig. Gen. Benjamin G. Humphreys, Mississippi Division, Sons of Confederate Veterans.
70. Cross, They Sleep Beneath the Mockingbird, pp. 38-39.
71. Dinkins, 1861-1865, By An Old Johnnie, p. 34.
72. Farwell, Ball’s Bluff, pp. 33-34, 39, 75, 96, 108, 130, 146-47; Stephen W. Sears, To The Gates of Richmond, The Peninsula Campaign (New York: Ticknor & Fields, 1992), p. 332; Bell I. Wiley, The Life of Johnny Reb, The Common Soldier of the Confederacy (Baton Rouge, Louisiana: Louisiana State University Press, 1978), p. 56; Cross, They Sleep Beneath the Mockingbird, p. 12; Abernathy Manuscript, MDAH; CMSR, NA; Bettersworth, Our Mississippi, pp. 10-11; Thomas P. Lowry, The Story The Soldiers Wouldn’t Tell (Mechanicsburg: Stackpole Books, 1994 ), pp. 70-71.
73. Joseph A. Miller Diary, FSNMP.
74. John F. Henley, “Winter Quarters at Leesburg,” Fredericksburg and Spotsylvania National Military Park, Fredericksburg, Virginia.
75. Guy R. Everson and Edward W. Simpson, Jr., “Far, Far from Home,” The War-time Letters of Dick and Tally Simpson, 3rd South Carolina Volunteers (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1994), p. 213; Stiles, Four Years Under Marse Robert, pp. 139, 143; Annals of the War, pp. 191-201; Joseph A. Miller Diary, FSNMP; CMSR, NA; Gottfried, Brigades of Gettysburg, p. 410.
76. Piston, Lee’s Tarnished Lieutenant, p. 40.
77. Ibid; Davis, Jefferson Davis, pp. 154-159; Gottfried, Brigades of Gettysburg, p. 410.
78. Wert, A Glorious Army, p. 65.
79. William Cowper Nelson to Maria, January 15, 1863, UM.
80. St. Clair A . Mulholland, The Story of the 116th Regiment, Pennsylvania Infantry (Gaithersburg: Old Soldier Books, Inc., n.d.), p. 54.
81. CMSR, NA.
82. Oscar Ewell Stuart to Ann L. Hardeman, February 20, 1862, Trammell Family Papers.
83. Ibid.
84. Nye, Here Come The Rebels!, pp. 6-20; Davis, Jefferson Davis, pp. 504-505.
85. Davis, Jefferson Davis, pp. 503-505.
86. Wert, A Glorious Army, pp. 212-213.
87. Dick Stanley, “13th Mississippi Infantry Regiment, Correspondence,” August 12, 2011, internet.
88. Wert, A Glorious Army, pp. 213-214, 219; Nye, Here Come The Rebels!, pp. 6-20; Davis, Jefferson Davis, pp. 504-505; Henley, “On the Way to Gettysburg,” FSNMP.
89. Dick Stanley, “13th Mississippi Infantry Regiment, Correspondence,” August 20, 2011, internet.
90. Wert, A Glorious Army, p. 204; Thomas, Robert E. Lee, p. 289; McWhiney and Jamieson, Attack and Die, pp. 1-88.
91. Thomas, Robert E. Lee, pp. 292-293.
92. Ibid; Wert, A Glorious Army, p. 212.
93. Ibid., p. 223.
94. Dick Stanley, “13th Mississippi Infantry Regiment, Correspondence,” September 6, 2011, internet; Gottfried, Brigades of Gettysburg, p. 410.
95. Wert, A Glorious Army, pp. 225-228; Sears, Gettysburg, p. 502.
96. Ken Allers, Jr., The Fog of Gettysburg: The Myths and Mysteries of the Battle (Naperville: Cumberland House, 2008), pp. 43-44; CMSR, NA; Wert, A Glorious Army, pp. 230-231.
97. Allers, The Fog of Gettysburg, pp. 43-44; Coddington, The Gettysburg Campaign, pp. 180-181; Thomas, Robert E. Lee, p. 292; Wert, A Glorious Army, pp. 230-231.
98. Dick Stanley, “13th Mississippi Infantry Regiment, Correspondence,” August 28, 2011, internet.
99. Thomas, Robert E. Lee, p. 293.
100. Walter Harrison, Pickett’s Men, A Fragment of War History (Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 2000), pp. 23, 103; Kathy Georg Harrison and John W. Busey, Nothing But Glory: Pickett’s Division at Gettysburg (Gettysburg: Thomas Publications, 1993), pp. 259.
101. Dick Stanley, “13th Mississippi Infantry Regiment, Correspondence,” September 6, 2011, internet.
102. Allers, The Fog of Gettysburg, pp. 45, 47, 58-59; Wert, A Glorious Army, pp, 231-232; Thomas, Robert E. Lee, pp. 292-294.
103. Jones, Civil War Command and Strategy, p. 168; Sandburg, Abraham Lincoln: The War Years, vol. 2, pp. 280-282, 351-354; Thomas, Robert E. Lee, p. 293; Wert, A Glorious Army, pp.232-233; Allers, The Fog of Gettysburg, pp.43-44.
104. Sears, Gettysburg, pp. 506-507; Thomas, Robert E. Lee, p. 293; Jones, Civil War Command and Strategy, p. 168.
105. Early, Narrative of the War Between the States, p. 269; Hunt, “The First Day at Gettysburg,” in Battles and Leaders, Vol. III, p. 282; Wert, A Glorious Army, pp. 245, 250.
106. Hood, Advance and Retreat, p. 57; Wert, A Glorious Army, p. 251.
107. Gottfried, Brigades of Gettysburg, p. 411; Henley, “On the Way to Gettysburg,” GNMP.
108. Frank Aretas Haskell, The Battle of Gettysburg (Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1969), pp. 2-3, 59; Noah Andre Trudeau, Gettysburg, A Testing of Courage (New York: Harper Collins, 2002), pp. 279-282.
109. Haskell, The Battle of Gettysburg, pp. 2-3, 59; Trudeau, Gettysburg, p. 279; Sears, Gettysburg, pp. 501-504, 236-237; Thomas, Robert E. Lee, pp. 288-289, 296-297; Wert, A Glorious Army, pp. 247, 249.
110. Haskell, The Battle of Gettysburg, pp. 5-6.
111. Ibid., p. 18.
112. Ibid.
113. Ibid., pp. 2-6; Wert, A Glorious Army, pp. 247, 251, 257; Trudeau, Gettysburg, p. 279.
114. Harry W. Pfanz, The Battle of Gettysburg, National Park Civil War Series (Washington, D.C.: Eastern National Park and Monument Association, 1994), pp. 33-34.
115. Henley, “On the Way to Gettysburg,” GNMP; Wert, A Glorious Army, pp. 251, 253-254; Harry W. Pfanz, Gettysburg: The Second Day (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1987), p. 82.
116. Henley, “On the Way to Gettysburg,” GNMP; Wert, A Glorious Army, pp. 254-256; Trudeau, Gettysburg, pp. 297, 312, 321; James I. Robertson, Jr., General A.P. Hill, The Story of a Confederate Warrior (New York: Random House, 1992), pp. 8-17; Pfanz, Gettysburg, The Second Day, pp. 113, 115; Gottfried, Brigades of Gettysburg, p. 411.
117. Humphreys to McLaws, January 6, 1875, UNCL; Henley, “On the Way to Gettysburg,” GNMP; Haskell, The Battle of Gettysburg, pp. 35-36; Trudeau, Gettysburg, pp. 292-293, 318, 321; Pfanz, Gettysburg: The Second Day, pp. 82, 94, 151; Gottfried, Brigades of Gettysburg, pp. 411, 696.
118. Trudeau, Gettysburg, p. 318; Wert, A Glorious Army, p. 257.
119. Edward Porter Alexander, Fighting for the Confederacy (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1989), pp. 236-237; Trudeau, Gettysburg, p. 297; Wert.
120. Annuals of the War (Edison: The Blue & Grey Press, 1996), p. 457; Wert, A Glorious Army, pp. 255-257; Trudeau, Gettysburg, pp. 279; 297.
121. CMSR, NA; Henley, “On the Way to Gettysburg,” GNMP; Dinkins, Personal Recollections and Experiences in the Confederate Army, p. 42; McNeily, “Barksdale’s Mississippi Brigade at Gettysburg,” PMSH; p. 233; Trudeau, Gettysburg, pp. 314, 321; Earl S. Miers and Richard A. Brown, Gettysburg (Armonk: M. E. Sharpe, Inc., 1996), pp. 41, 68-69, 84; Wert, A Glorious Army, pp. 256-257; Gottfried, Brigades of Gettysburg, p. 411; Pfanz, Gettysburg, The Second Day, pp. 94, 500-505.
122. Trudeau, Gettysburg, p. 321.
123. Wert, A Glorious Army, p. 234; Trudeau, Gettysburg, p. 112.
124. Humphreys to McLaws, January 6, 1878, UNCL; Trudeau, Gettysburg, p. 321; CMSR, NA.
125. Dinkins, Personal Recollections and Experiences in the Confederate Army, pp. 47, 49-50; Moore, A Life For The Confederacy, p. 69; Humphreys to McLaws, January 6, 1878, UNCL; Miers and Brown, Gettysburg, p. 89; CMSR, NA.
126. Henry Robinson Berkeley Diary, Virginia Historical Society, Richmond, VA.
127. Oscar Ewing Stuart to Annie E. Stuart, December 17, 1861, Trammell Family Papers.
128. Dinkins, Personal Recollections and Experiences in the Confederate Army, pp. 70-71.
129. Ibid., pp. 56, 70-71.
130. Ibid., p. 78; Moore, A Life for the Confederacy, p. 134; A.P. Andrews, “Gallantry At Gettysburg: An Act of Courageous Deeds of the Mississippi Brigades Commanded by William Barksdale and Joseph R. Davis,” Gettysburg National Military Park Archives, Gettysburg, Pennsylvania; Trudeau, Gettysburg, p. 112; Pfanz, Gettysburg: The Second Day, p. 301.
131. Dinkins, Personal Recollections and Experiences in the Confederate Army, p. 78.
132. Harrison, Pickett’s Men, p. 73.
133. Dinkins, Personal Recollections and Experiences in the Confederate Army, p. 78; John B. Gordon, Reminiscences of the Civil War (New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1904), p. 142.
134. Ibid., pp. 52-53.
135. Ibid., p. 78.
136. Dick Stanley, “13th Mississippi Infantry Regiment, Correspondence,” August 20, 2011, internet.
137. Rockingham Post-Dispatch, November 30, 1949; Moore, A Life For The Confederacy, pp. 133, 146-147; Edwin C. Bearss, Grant Strikes a Fatal Blow: The Campaign for Vicksburg, vol. 2 (3 vols: Dayton: Morningside Bookshop, 1986), pp. 348-349
138. Dick Stanley, “13th Mississippi Infantry Regiment, Correspondence,” August 8, 2011, internet.
139. Ibid., pp. 588-595; CMSR, NA; Trudeau, Gettysburg, p. 321.
140. Dick Stanley, “13th Mississippi Infantry Regiment, Correspondence,” August 20, 2011.
141. Trudeau, Gettysburg, p. 321; Haskell, The Battle of Gettysburg, p. 35; Thomas Keneally, American Scoundrel: The Life of the Notorious Civil War General Dan Sickles (New York: Doubleday, 2002), p. 279.
142. Haskell, The Battle of Gettysburg, pp. 22, 35-36; Trudeau, Gettysburg, pp. 294, 313-314.
143. Allers, The Fog of Gettysburg, pp. 96-97; Trudeau, Gettysburg, pp. 294, 301; Wert, A Glorious Army, pp. 256-257; Pfanz, Gettysburg, The Second Day, pp. 124-125.
144. Trudeau, Gettysburg, pp. 294, 313-314; Wert, A Glorious Army, pp. 256-257; Keneally, American Scoundrel, 264.
145. Keneally, American Scoundrel, pp. 12-59, 280; Haskell, The Battle of Gettysburg, pp. 35-36; Pfanz, Gettysburg, The Second Day, p. 93.
146. Keneally, American Scoundrel, p. 280; Trudeau, Gettysburg, p. 367.
147. Haskell, The Battle of Gettysburg, p. 6.
148. Ibid., p. 36.
149. Wert, A Glorious Army, p. 257.
150. Trudeau, Gettysburg, pp. 295, 301.
151. Haskell, The Battle of Gettysburg, pp. 25-26; Thomas, Robert E. Lee, p. 288; Allers, The Fog of Gettysburg, p. 97.
152. Wert, A Glorious Army, p. 257.
153. Gordon, Reminiscences of the Civil War, p. 141; Alexander, Fighting for the Confederacy, p. 229; Nye, Here Come The Rebels!, pp. 3-6; Pfanz, Gettysburg: The Second Day, pp. 72, 128.
154. Dick Stanley, “13th Mississippi Infantry Regiment, Correspondence,” September 6, 2011.
155. William Henry Hill Diary, Mississippi Department of Archives and History, Jackson, MS.
156. CMSR, NA; J.W. Duke, “Mississippians at Gettysburg,” Confederate Veteran, vol. 14, p. 216; Pfanz, Gettysburg, The Second Day, p. 320.
157. Duke, “Mississippians at Gettysburg,” CV, p. 216; Sears, Gettysburg, p. 51; Pfanz, Gettysburg, The Second Day, p. 304.
158. Wert, A Glorious Army, p. 260; Duke, “Mississippians at Gettysburg,” CV, p. 216; Pfanz, Gettysburg, The Second Day, p. 320.
159. Duke, “Mississippians at Gettysburg,” CV, p. 216; Pfanz, Gettysburg, The Second Day, p. 304.
160. Pfanz, Gettysburg, The Second Day, p. 320.
161. Duke, “Mississippians at Gettysburg,” CV, p. 216.
162. Ibid.
163. Ibid; Pfranz, Gettysburg, The Second Day, pp. 304, 320; CMSR, NA.
164. Duke, “Mississippians at Gettysburg,” CV, p. 216; Trudeau, Gettysburg, p. 294.
165. Allers, The Fog of Gettysburg, p. 97; Keneally, American Scoundrel, pp. 278-279; Trudeau, Gettysburg, pp. 301, 313-314.
166. Johnson and Buel, eds., Battles and Leaders, vol. 3, pp. 296, 333; Trudeau, Gettysburg, pp. 314, 326; Pinchon, Dan Sickles, p. 198; Sears, Gettysburg, pp. 250-251, 507; Mac Wyckoff, AHistory of the 2nd South Carolina Infantry: 1861-1865 (Fredericksburg, Va.: Sergeant Kirkland’s, 1994), p. 78; Keneally, American Scoundrel, pp. 52-53, 71, 73; Edwin B. Coddington, The Gettysburg Campaign, A Study in Command (New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1968), pp. 397-398, 415; Miers and Brown, Gettysburg, p. 95; O.R., vol. 27, ser. 1, pt. 1, pp. 234-35, 558, 569; Edward Longacre, “‘The Soul of Our Artillery’: General Henry J. Hunt,” Civil War Times Illustrated, vol. 12, no. 3 (June 1973), pp. 42-43; Pfanz, Gettysburg, The Second Day, pp. 130-131, 133-135, 304-305.
167. Alexander, Fighting for the Confederacy, p. 238; Trudeau, Gettysburg, p. 20; Jeffery Wert, General James Longstreet, The Confederacy’s Most Controversial Soldier (New York: Touchstone Books, 1993), p. 274.
168. Love, William A., “Mississippi At Gettysburg,” Publications of the Mississippi Historical Society, vol. ix (1906), pp. 25-51; Pinchon, Dan Sickles, p. 200; Coddington, The Gettysburg Campaign, pp. 397-398; Carol Reardon, Pickett’s Charge in History and Memory (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1997), pp. 1-10, 154-213; Pfanz, Gettysburg, The Second Day, pp. 147-148,.
169. Gordon, Reminiscences Of The Civil War, p. 154.
170. Johnson and Buel, eds., Battles and Leaders, vol. 3, pp. 300-301; Haskell, The Battle of Gettysburg, pp. 35-36; Wert, A Glorious Army, p. 257; Trudeau, Gettysburg, p. 359.
171. William Henry Hill Diary, MDAH.
172. McNeily, “Barksdale’s Mississippi Brigade at Gettysburg,” PMHS, pp. 233-234, 256.
173. Dick Stanley, “13th Mississipi Infantry Regiment, Correspondence,” September 6, 2011.
174. Ibid; CMSR, NA.
175. ood, Advance and Retreat, p. 58; Longstreet, From Mannassas to Appomattox, p. 368; Wyckoff, A History of the 2nd South Carolina Infantry, p. 78; Johnson and Buel, eds., Battlesand Leaders, vol. 3, pp. 331-337.
176. Gerald J. Smith, “One of the Most Daring of Men,” The Life of Confederate General William Tatum Wofford (Murfreesboro: Confederate Heritage Press, 1997), pp. 1-21, 23-75, 81; Boatner, The Civil War Dictionary, p. 945; Wyckoff, A History of the 2nd South Carolina Infantry, p. 78; Alexander, Fighting for the Confederacy, p. 238; Humphreys to McLaws, UNCL; J. B. Polley, Hood’s Texas Brigade (Dayton: Morningside, 1988), pp. 19, 98, 101, 106, 117, and 122; Trudeau, Gettysburg, pp. 377, 379; Dowdey, Death of a Nation, p. 220; Pfanz, Gettysburg, The Second Day, p. 328
