Us vs. Them, page 18
Piketty, Thomas, 87
Plato, 131
Poland, 24–25
pollution
in China, 39–40, 92–93
Turkish protests and, 40–41
populism, 1–3
fears underlying, 1–2, 7–8
us vs. them divisions exploited by, 2–3
poverty, 9
in Brazil, 37, 150–51
in China, 37, 91
in Egypt, 65
in India, 37, 87
in Indonesia, 84
in Mexico, 74
in Nigeria, 63
reduction of, in developing countries, 37
in Russia, 37, 81, 82
in South Africa, 59
in Turkey, 79
in Venezuela, 76, 77
private sector involvement in serving communities, 154–60
affordable housing and infrastructure spending by, 156–57
in developing countries, 158–59
Fink’s call for, 154–55
protecting democracy, 159
Rise of the Rest investment fund, 157
universities, hiring initiatives by, 159
worker retraining programs, 157–58
Zuckerberg’s ideas for, 155–56
progressive tax systems, 139
protectionism, 101–6
developed country trade barriers, impact on developing countries of, 105
in developing countries, 105–6
nontariff barriers, examples of, 104, 105–6
Roosevelt’s programs, in 1930s, 102–4
Smoot-Hawley Act tariffs, U.S., 102
Trump’s trade policies and, 105
protests, 1–2, 39–44, 52–53
in Brazil, 41–42, 72
in China, 39–40
in Egypt, 65, 66
in Ethiopia, 42–43
in Nigeria, 62
in Russia, 44, 83
in South Africa, 58
in Turkey, 40–41
in Venezuela, 77
at World Trade Organization meeting of 1999, 4–5
Putin, Vladimir, 44, 49, 53, 81, 82, 83, 110, 138, 139
Qaddafi, Muammar, 36
Qatar, 107
Rasmussen, Løkke, 146–47
Reagan, Ronald, 116
Republicans, 121–22, 124
Restrepo, Pascual, 32
retraining of workers, 142, 157–58
Rise and Fall of Nations, The (Sharma), 145
Rise of the Rest investment fund, 157
robotics. See automation and artificial intelligence
Rodrik, Dani, 20–21, 28
Romney, Mitt, 22
Roosevelt, Franklin D., 102–3
Roskomnadzor, 112
Rumie Initiative, 158
Russia, 31, 81–83
automation and, 54
corruption in, 44, 82
data localization laws, 106
demographic vulnerability of, 54
economy of, 81–82
income inequality in, 54–55, 82
internal passport system, 120
Internet, policing of, 110–12
nongovernmental organizations, shutting down of, 108
oil prices and, 81
poverty levels, reduction in, 37, 81, 82
protests in, 44, 83
social contract in, 138–39
trust in government and its institutions, 53
Safaricom, 159
Salesforce, 156
Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud, 69
Sanders, Bernie, 2, 11, 19
satellite television, 36
Saudi Arabia, 67–71
automation and, 54
demographic vulnerability of, 54, 68
economy of, 68–70
government of, 69–70
guaranteed basic income, economy as, 151–52
income inequality in, 54
oil exports and, 69
trust in government and its institutions, 53
us vs. them battle in, 67–68, 70–71
Vision 2030 project, 69–70
Scandinavia, 136
Schengen Agreement, 25, 115
Sharma, Ruchir, 145
Sides, John, 21
Singapore
education initiatives in, 142–43
housing and old age savings, Central Provident Fund for, 150, 152
Sisi, Abdel Fattah al-, 65
Slovakia, 24–25
Smoot-Hawley Act, 102
social contract, 131–54
alcohol and drug abuse and, 152–53
Arthashastra on, 134
Chinese Dream, 136–37
defined, in Declaration of Independence, 133
education, addressing, 141–43
expectations of government, 131–33, 134–36
gig economy, incentives for working in, 146–49
guaranteed basic income programs, 147–52
happiness or well-being and, 135–36
inequality, addressing, 139–40
personal security of citizens, duty to safeguard, 132
purpose of government, 132
rewriting, 139–41
in Russia, 138–39
in Scandinavian countries, 136
taxation and, 143–45
Universal Declaration of Human Rights and, 134
U.S. Constitution and, 133–34
social credit system, 127–30
social media, 26–27, 36
social safety net
in China, 93
in developed versus developing countries, 48–49
in developing countries, 93
in European countries, 15
guaranteed basic income and, 147–52
reorganization of, ideas for, 146–49
trade and, 15
Social Security system, 140
Somalia, 12
Soros, George, 108
sorting citizens within countries, 118–23
discrimination in favor of majority, 118–19
movement of people, government controls over, 119–20
in United States, 120–22
South Africa, 58–62
automation and, 54, 61
corruption and poor leadership in, 60–61
demographic vulnerability of, 54, 58, 61
falling demand for commodities, impact of, 60
government of, 60–61
income inequality in, 54, 59–60
poverty in, 59
protests in, 58
trust in government and its institutions, 53
unemployment in, 58, 59
us vs. them battle in, 59
South African Communist Party, 60
student debt crisis, 33
substance abuse, 152–53
Summers, Larry, 144
Syria, 12, 36
taxation, 143–45
Taylor, Paul, 121
Tea Party movement, 12–13
technological revolution
adaptability of wealthier countries versus developing countries, 47–48
automation and artificial intelligence (See automation and artificial intelligence)
in developing countries, 45, 47–48, 54
in United States, 15–16, 31–33
terrorism, 30
in Egypt, 65–66
in European Union (EU), 23
xenophobic political parties resulting from, 13
TOR, 109–10
trade
China and, 18–19
economic insecurity and, 14–15, 18–19
European Union and, 14–15
protectionist policies, warnings against, 18
social safety net protections and, 15
United States and, 15
Trading with the Enemy Act of 1917, 102
Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP), 22, 105
Trump, Donald, 2
approval ratings of, 13–14
defense spending requests of, 30–31
election integrity commission, creation of, 125
election of, 5, 13, 161–62
immigration as issue in election of, 19–20
Obama 2012 populist voters who chose Trump in 2016, 21–22
opioid epidemic and, 153
race and, 122–23
trade as issue in election of, 19
trade policies of, 105
on walls, 99
Tsipras, Alexis, 11
Tunisia, 35–36
Turkey, 78–80
automation and, 54
demographic vulnerability of, 54
economy of, 80
immigration and, 117
income inequality in, 54–55, 79
Internet, censorship of, 109–10
journalists, jailing of, 106–7
political system in, 78–79
poverty in, 79
protests in, 40–41
trust in government and its institutions, 53
us vs. them battles in, 80
Twenty-Fourth Amendment, 123
Twenty-Sixth Amendment, 123–24
United Kingdom
Brexit and, 2, 13, 21
foreign-born residents, increase in, 22–23
United Malays National Organization, 119
United States
automation, impact of, 31–32
historical roots of nationalism versus globalism, 12–14
immigration and, 19–20, 25–26, 28–29,115, 116, 118
income inequality in, 16–18, 27–28
manufacturing class in, 17
middle class in, 9, 16–17
military spending of, 30–31
national identity and, 21–22
pension plans in, 140
progressive tax system in, 139
protectionist policies, in 1930s, 102–4
racial segregation in schools, 120–21
self-sorting of citizens in, 120–22
Social Security system, 140
unemployment rates in, 17–18
voting rights in, 123–25
Universal Declaration of Human Rights, 134
Vance, J. D., 157
Venezuela, 75–77
automation and, 54
demographic vulnerability of, 54
economy of, 76–77
income inequality in, 54–55
oil prices and, 76
political system in, 77
poverty in, 76, 77
protests and violence in, 77
shortages in, 75, 76
trust in government and its institutions, 53–54
virtual private networks (VPNs), 109–10
voting rights, 123–25
Voting Rights Act of 1965, 123, 124
walls, 99–130
Aadhaar biometric identification system, India, 125–27
immigration, barriers to, 115–18
information, access to, 106–14
Israel and, 99–100
protectionism, 101–6
purposes of and rationales for, 100–101
social credit system, China, 127–30
sorting citizens within countries, 118–23
voting rights, 123–25
Warren, Elizabeth, 2
West Bank, 100
Wilders, Geert, 13, 24
Wilson, Woodrow, 102
worker retraining and education, 142, 157–58
Workers Party, 150
Workforce Singapore, 142
World Happiness Report, 2017, 135–36, 137
Xi Jinping, 18, 94, 96, 136–37
Xinhua news agency, 114
Yandex News, 112
Yar’Adua, Umaru, 63
Zero Hunger (Fome Zero), 71, 150–51
Zuckerberg, Mark, 155–56, 157
Zuma, Jacob, 59
* Critics charge that the vote was rigged.
* “Quarter of Russians put state interests above personal rights, poll shows,” rt.com, April 3, 2017. www.rt.com/politics/383189-quarter-of-russians-put-state/.
* www.blackrock.com/corporate/en-no/investor-relations/larry-fink-ceo-letter
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Ian Bremmer, Us vs. Them
