Duchamp's Pipe, page 2
Figure 34. Mary Reynolds and Marcel Duchamp, 1937, by Costa Achillopulo. Courtesy of the Art Institute of Chicago. © Art Institute of Chicago / ADAGP, Paris / Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York 2019.
Figure 35. George Koltanowski at the International Chess Tournament, Madrid FC, May 17–24, 1936. Courtesy of Joaquim Travesset i Barba.
Figure 36. The SS Maréchal Lyautey that Duchamp took from Marseilles to Casablanca in 1942. Courtesy of Cartes postales anciennes, Fortunapost.com.
Figure 37. The SS Serpa Pinto, the boat that Marcel Duchamp took from Lisbon to New York in 1942. In this image, Jewish refugees look out from the deck before departure from the port of Lisbon, September, 1941. Courtesy of Milton Koch. © United States Memorial Holocaust Museum.
Figure 38. Artists in exile, at Peggy Guggenheim’s New York Apartment, 1942. Front row: Stanley William Hayter, Leonora Carrington, Frederick Kiesler, and Kurt Seligmann. Second row: Max Ernst, Amédée Ozenfant, André Breton, Fernand Léger, Berenice Abbott. Third row: Jimmy Ernst, Peggy Guggenheim, John Ferren, Marcel Duchamp, and Piet Mondrian. Courtesy of Philadelphia Museum of Art, Library and Archives.
Figure 39. The boat Capitaine Paul-Lemerle, c. 1940. Courtesy of © L’Équipe d’Archives, France.
Figure 40. Magazine cover for VVV, March 1943, by Marcel Duchamp. Courtesy of Alexina and Marcel Duchamp Papers, Philadelphia Museum of Art.
Figure 41. George Koltanowski, Berkeley, California, 1941, by Art Frisch, © the San Francisco Chronicle/Polaris.
Figure 42. Pocket Chess Set, 1943, by Marcel Duchamp. Courtesy of Philadelphia Museum of Art, the Louise and Walter Arensberg Collection, 1950.
Figure 43. Invitation to The Imagery of Chess, 1944–1945, designed by Marcel Duchamp for the Julien Levy Gallery, NYC. Courtesy of Julien Levy Gallery records, 1857–1982, Philadelphia Museum of Art, Library and Archives.
Figure 44. Cover design for invitation to Blindfold Chess with Koltanowski, 1945, by Marcel Duchamp. Courtesy of Julien Levy Gallery records, 1857–1982, Philadelphia Museum of Art, Library and Archives.
Figure 45. Chess Tournament at Julien Levy Gallery, January 6, 1945, by Dorothea Tanning. Collage with three photographs by Julien Levy. Courtesy of the Destina Foundation. © 2019 Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York / ADAGP, Paris.
Figure 46. Pocket Chess Set with Rubber Glove, 1943–1944, by Marcel Duchamp, exhibited in The Imagery of Chess, 1944–1945. Courtesy of Julien Levy Gallery records, 1857–1982, Philadelphia Museum of Art, Library and Archives.
Figure 47. Pinney wood chess set advertisement, Pan American Chess Congress brochure, 1945. Courtesy of Kerry Hamilton Lawless, Chessdryad.com.
Figure 48. “The Wondersign Magnetic Chess Sets” advertisement, printed in Chess Pie, 1927.
Figure 49. “Action (Handlung),” (plate II), part of the ten-etching series Paraphrase on the Finding of a Glove (Paraphrase über den Fund eines Handschuhs), by Max Klinger, Opus VI, 1881. Courtesy of Kunstsammlungen Chemnitz, Germany.
Figure 50. The Song of Love (Le Chant d’amour), 1914, by Giorgio de Chirico. Courtesy of Museum of Modern Art, New York, and Fondazione Giorgio e Isa de Chirico, Rome. © 2019 Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York / SIAE, Rome.
Figure 51. Les valeurs personnelles (Personal Values), 1952, by René Magritte. Courtesy of San Francisco Museum of Modern Art. © 2019 C. Herscovici / Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York.
Figure 52. The Treachery of Images (This is Not a Pipe) (La trahison des images [Ceci n’est pas une pipe]), 1928, by René Magritte. Courtesy of Los Angeles County Museum of Art. © 2019 C. Herscovici / Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York.
Figure 53. Photograph of Marcel Duchamp Taken with a Hinged Mirror (Five-Way Portrait of Marcel Duchamp) by Marcel Duchamp, taken on June 21, 1917, at the Broadway Photo Studio, New York. Courtesy of Jean-Jacques Lebel Archive, Paris.
Figure 54. Marcel Duchamp with Pipe, 1957, by John (Hans) D. Schiff. Courtesy of Philadelphia Museum of Art Library and Archives and the John (Hans) Schiff Estate. © 2010 Leo Baeck Institute.
Figure 55. Air de Paris (50 cc d’air de Paris), 1919, by Marcel Duchamp. Courtesy of Philadelphia Museum of Art, the Louise and Walter Arensberg Collection, 1950.
Figure 56. What We All Lack (Ce que nous manque à tous), 1927–1936, by Man Ray. Courtesy of Israel Museum, Jerusalem. © Man Ray 2015 Trust / Artists Rights Society (ARS), NY / ADAGP, Paris 2019.
Figure 57. Front cover for View (vol. 5, no. 1.), March 1945, by Marcel Duchamp. Courtesy of Philadelphia Museum of Art, the Louise and Walter Arensberg Collection, 1950.
Figure 58. Back Cover for View, (vol. 5, no. 1.), March 1945, by Marcel Duchamp. Courtesy of Philadelphia Museum of Art, the Louise and Walter Arensberg Collection, 1950.
Figure 59. Beautiful Breath: Veil Water (La Belle Haleine: Eau de Voilette), 1921 (Rigaud brand perfume bottle rectified readymade), by Marcel Duchamp. Photograph of Marcel Duchamp as Rrose Sélavy, 1920, by Man Ray. Courtesy of Philadelphia Museum of Art, Library and Archives.
Figure 60. Poster for Koltanowski’s Santa Rosa Blindfold Chess Exhibition, February 24, 1947. Courtesy Kerry Hamilton Lawless, Chessdryad.com.
Figure 61. Promotional poster for Koltanowski’s California tour, 1948. Courtesy Kerry Hamilton Lawless, Chessdryad.com.
Figure 62. Yves Tanguy, Kay Sage, Maria Martins, Enrico Donati, Marcel Duchamp, and Frederick Kiesler at Tanguy’s home in Woodbury, Connecticut, 1947. Note that Duchamp, front row left, holds a pipe in his right hand. Courtesy of Alexina and Marcel Duchamp Papers, Philadelphia Museum of Art, Library and Archives.
Figure 63. Self-Portrait in Profile, 1957, by Marcel Duchamp. Courtesy of Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, 2005.
Figure 64. Caricature of George Koltanowski from Chessnicdotes, 1939, by T. Camacho, Guatemala. Courtesy of the John G. White Chess Collection at the Cleveland Public Library.
Figure 65. Cartoon of Marcel Duchamp, 1919, by George de Zayas, one of his eleven caricatures in the portfolio by Curnonsky (pseudonym of the French writer Maurice Edmond Sailland). Courtesy of Philadelphia Museum of Art, the Louise and Walter Arensberg Collection, 1950.
Figure 66. George Koltanowski, Mollet, Catalonia, July 1935. Courtesy of Joaquim Travesset i Barba.
Figure 67. George Koltanowski, portrait for Chessnicdotes, 1978. Courtesy of the John G. White Chess Collection at the Cleveland Public Library.
Figure 68. Salvador Dalí with magnifying glass, by Philippe Halsman, 1946. © Courtesy of the Fundació Gala-Salvador Dalí and the Philippe Halsman Archive, New York, 2019.
Figure 69. George Koltanowski, 1938, studying chessboard with Calvert liquor. Courtesy Kerry Hamilton Lawless, Chessdryad.com. and the John G. White Chess Collection at the Cleveland Public Library.
Figure 70. Chess Master: Koltanowski, Blindfold Champion, Never Forgets Until He Wants To, 1949. Courtesy of Kerry Hamilton Lawless, Chessdryad.com; the San Francisco Chronicle (ephemera); and the John G. White Chess Collection of the Cleveland Public Library.
Figure 71. Dorothea Tanning, Endgame, 1944. Courtesy of private collection, the Destina Foundation. © 2019 Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York / ADAGP, Paris.
Figure 72. Koltanowski with life-sized chess pieces at Moro Bay Simultaneous Exhibition, 1976. Courtesy of Kerry Hamilton Lawless, Chessdryad.com.
Figure 73. Exhibition poster for Readymades et Éditions de et sur Marcel Duchamp, June 8–September 30, 1967, by Marcel Duchamp. In addition to designing the poster for the exhibit, Duchamp also made a limited-edition, signed print with only the image of the hand, cigar, and smoke.
Figure 74. Koltanowski playing chess on glass, 1949. Courtesy of the John G. White Chess Collection at the Cleveland Public Library.
Figure 75. Marcel Duchamp playing chess on a sheet of glass, 1958, by Arnold T. Rosenberg. © Courtesy of Rochelle Rosenberg.
Figure 76. George Koltanowski at a chess tournament, 1941. Courtesy of the John G. White Chess Collection at the Cleveland Public Library.
All works, writings, and words by Marcel Duchamp © Association Marcel Duchamp / ADAGP, Paris / Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York 2019.
Les Personnages
Artists and Writers of the Bohemian Domain
Duchamp Family
Émile-Frédéric Nicolle (1830–1894): French shipbroker, painter, engraver; Duchamp’s maternal grandfather, father to Lucie
(Marie Caroline) Lucie Nicolle (1856–1925): painter; married to Justin Isidore Duchamp, mother of Marcel
(Justin Isidore) Eugène Duchamp (1848–1925): Un notaire (a solicitor for private civil law who also acts for the state in authenticating certain processes and acts) at Blainvile Crevon in Normandy, near Rouen.
Jacques (Duchamp) Villon (1875–1963): printmaker and painter
Magdeleine Duchamp (1898–1979): posed, with her siblings, for some of Duchamp’s earliest works, including Yvonne and Magdeleine Torn in Tatters (1911), Apropos of Little Sister (1911), and Sonata (1911).
Marcel Duchamp (1887–1968): artist, Dadaist, writer, chess master
Raymond Duchamp-Villon (1876–1918): sculptor influenced by Cubism
Suzanne Duchamp-Crotti (1889–1963): painter (married Jean Crotti, 1919–1958)
Yvonne Duchamp (1895–1969): posed, with her siblings, for some of Duchamp’s earliest works, including Yvonne and Magdeleine Torn in Tatters (1911) and Sonata (1911).
Koltanowski Family
George Koltanowski (1903–2000) Belgian-American Chess Master, self-proclaimed world champion of blindfold chess; friend and chess adventurer with Duchamp
Leah Greenberg Koltanowski (1904–2005): George’s wife and lifelong champion (married 1946)
Most of George’s family perished in the Holocaust, including his father, Gabriel D. Koltanowski, mother Miriam Lassman, and three other siblings whose names are unknown. His brother Jack Kolton (Antwerp 1894–US 1977) and sister Ester Koltanowski Frankel (Munich 1890–US 1980) immigrated to the United States.
Guillaume Apollinaire (1880–1918): French writer, poet, art critic, promoter of modern art
Louis Aragon (1897–1982): French poet, journalist (director of daily Ce Soir, Paris), Surrealist, Communist
Louise Arensberg (1879–1953): American art collector, New York salon (with her husband, Walter)
Walter Arensberg (1878–1954): American art collector, writer, poet, New York salon (with his wife, Louise)
Jean (Hans) Arp (1886–1966): Alsatian French artist, sculptor, poet, Surrealist
Alfred Barr (1902–1981): American art historian, first director (1929–1943) of Museum of Modern Art, NY
Constantin Brâncuși (1876–1957): Romanian modernist sculptor, photographer; lived in Paris (1904–1957), close friend of Duchamp and Henri-Pierre Roché
André Breton (1896–1966): French poet, writer, leader of Surrealism
Gabrielle Buffet-Picabia (1881–1985): French art critic, writer, Dadaist (married Francis Picabia 1909–1930)
Herb Caen (1916–1997): San Francisco Chronicle social columnist; friendly with Koltanowski
William Carlos Williams (1883–1963): American Imagist and modernist poet
Jean Cocteau (1889–1963): French poet, playwright, filmmaker, artist
Jean Crotti (1878–1958): French painter; friend of Duchamp (married Suzanne Duchamp 1919)
Salvador Dalí (1904–1989): Spanish painter, Surrealist; known for illusionistic prowess, outrageous behavior
Giorgio de Chirico (1888–1978): Italian artist, writer, visionary who influenced Surrealism
George de Zayas (1898–1967): Mexican American caricature artist
Robert Desnos (1900–1945): French Surrealist poet, journalist, active in French Resistance
Serge Diaghilev (1872–1929): Russian ballet impresario, art critic, founder of Les Ballets Russes
Enrico Donati (1909–2008): Italian American Surrealist painter, sculptor
Jacques Doucet (1853–1929): French art patron, fashion designer; friend of Duchamp
Sir Arthur Conan Doyle (1859–1930): British writer; involved with Spiritualism
Katherine Sophie Dreier (1877–1952): American patron and collector of Dada and modern art
Albert Einstein (1879–1955): German-born American physicist, originator of quantum theory
Paul Éluard (1895–1952): French poet, Surrealist, Communist (1936–1952)
Max Ernst (1891–1976): German artist, painter, sculptor, poet (naturalized American 1948; France, 1958), Dadaist and Surrealist (married Dorothea Tanning 1946–1976)
Charles Henri Ford (1908–2002): American poet, editor of View magazine
Varian Fry (1907–1967): American classicist, journalist; headed the France-based Emergency Rescue Committee of the American Red Cross to save refugees from the Nazis
Arshile Gorky (1904–1948): Armenian American painter and Abstract Expressionist
Peggy Guggenheim (1898–1979): American art collector, socialite (married Max Ernst 1941–1946)
Vitaly Halberstadt (1903–1967): Russian chess theorist, musician
David Hare (1917–1992): American Surrealist, artist, writer, editor of VVV magazine.
Frederick Kiesler (1890–1965): architect, avant-garde artist, Surrealist
Julien Levy (1906–1981): American art historian, gallery owner; involved with Surrealism
Mina Loy (1882–1966): British artist, writer, poet; lived in New York (1916–1918, 1936–1953)
René Magritte (1898–1967): Belgian artist, painter, Surrealist
Frank Marshall (1877–1944): US Chess Champion, owner of Marshall’s Chess Divan and Marshall Chess Club (1909–1936)
Maria Martins (1894–1973): Brazilian Surrealist artist and poet, influenced by Amazonian mythology (involved with Duchamp 1943–1951)
André Masson (1896–1987): French artist, Surrealist
Pierre Matisse (1900–1989): French-American art dealer, championed “Artists in Exile” 1942–1943, (married Alexina “Teeny” Sattler)
Teeny Matisse (1906–1995): born Alexina “Teeny” Sattler, art agent (married Pierre Matisse 1929–1949; married Marcel Duchamp 1954–1968)
W. Somerset Maugham (1874–1965): British playwright, novelist, and WWI intelligence officer
Joan Mirò (1893–1983): Spanish painter, Surrealist
J. Robert Oppenheimer (1904–1967): American nuclear physicist, leader of Manhattan Project to develop the atomic bomb (1942–1945)
Wolfgang Paalen (1905–1959): Austrian artist, writer, Surrealist, leader of Dynaton movement
Walter Pach (1883–1958): American artist, art historian who organized exhibitions in New York City, including the 1913 Armory Show
Francis Picabia (1879–1953): French painter, designer, writer, Dadaist, editor of 391
Pablo Picasso (1881–1973): Spanish painter, intermittently involved with Surrealism and Communism
Ezra Pound (1885–1972): American Imagist poet, later discredited due to involvement with Fascism after 1937.
Marcel Proust (1871–1922): French novelist known for In Search of Lost Time (À la Recherche du temps perdu)
John Quinn (1870–1924): American art collector, patron of modern art, lawyer
Man Ray (1890–1976, born Emmanuel Radnitzky): American painter, sculptor, photographer (known for avant-garde portraits) Dadaist, Surrealist
Odilon Redon (1840–1916): French Symbolist artist and visionary
Mary Reynolds (1890–1977): American living in Paris (c. 1923–1950), art patron, book binder, active in French Resistance (1940–1945); close to Duchamp (1924–1950)
Hans Richter (1888–1976): German-born American artist and experimental filmmaker
Vittorio Rieti (1898–1944): Italian American composer, worked with Balanchine and Diaghilev, played in the Imagery of Chess match
Henri-Pierre Roché (1879–1959): French writer, critic, art collector; close friend of Duchamp
Arnold T. Rosenberg (1931–2017): American photographer, portraitist
Kay Sage (1898–1963): American painter and poet, Surrealist (married Yves Tanguy 1940–1955)
Lydie Sarazin-Levassor (1902–1988): French writer (married Duchamp 1927)
Erik Satie (1866–1925): French composer, musician, influenced by Dadaism
Xanti Schawinsky (1904–1969): Swiss painter, designer, member of the Bauhaus, chess player
Gustav Schenk (1905–1969): German writer, photographer, wrote on chess (The Passionate Game, 1936)
John (Hans) D. Schiff (1907–1976): German American photographer, portraitist; worked for artists
Kurt Seligmann (1900–1962): Swiss-American artist, Surrealist, scholar, wrote The Mirror of Magic (1948)
Philippe Soupault (1897–1990): French poet, writer, activist, Dadaist, Surrealist
Edward Steichen (1879–1973): American photographer
Gertrude Stein (1874–1946): American writer, poet, art collector; lived in Paris (1903–1946)
Wallace Stevens (1879–1955): American modernist poet
Alfred Stieglitz (1864–1946): American photographer, gallery owner, writer
Igor Stravinsky (1882–1971): Russian-born composer, pianist, conductor
James Johnson Sweeney (1900–1986): American curator: Museum of Modern Art, NY (1935–1946); Guggenheim Museum (1952–1960)
Yves Tanguy (1900–1955): French painter, Surrealist (married Kay Sage 1940–1955).
Dorotha Tanning (1910–2012): American painter, poet, Surrealist (married Max Ernst 1946–1976)
Tristan Tzara (1896–1963, born Samy Rosenstock): Romanian French writer, poet, Dadaist, Surrealist
Jacques Vaché (1895–1919): writer, French army officer, Surrealist icon
Andy Warhol (1928–1987): American Pop artist, filmmaker; influenced by Duchamp
Georges Wildenstein (1892–1963): French gallery owner, art dealer, collector, art historian
