If the Oceans Were Ink, page 34
“veiling, like seclusion”: Ahmed, “Women and the Rise of Islam,” p. 191.
“If you think the difference”: Wadud, Inside the Gender Jihad, p. 219.
“All the problems Muslims have faced”: Fatima Mernissi, Beyond the Veil: Male-Female Dynamics in Muslim Society, rev. ed. (London: Al Saqi Books, 1985), xvii.
“The Arabs elude us”: Joan Wallach Scott, The Politics of the Veil (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2007), p. 55.
“Baby steps!”: Carla Power, “Taking Baby Steps, for Safety’s Sake,” Newsweek International, December 28, 1998, p. 16.
“You Westerners make love in public”: Carla Power, “Indecent Exposure,” Time, November 8, 2007, accessed April 26, 2014, content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1682277,00.html.
“Your women are a field of yours”: Cleary, Quran, 2:223.
“Your wives are a tilth for you”: Cleary, Quran, 2:223 (Medina: Ministry of Hajj and Endowments, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, 1989).
“A man’s sexual play”: Scott Siraj al-Haqq Kugle, “Sexuality, Diversity and Ethics,” in Progressive Muslims: On Justice, Gender and Pluralism, edited by Omid Safi (Oxford: Oneworld Publications, 2003), p. 193.
“In the Christian context”: Tom Peck, “Timothy Winter: Britain’s Most Influential Muslim—And It Was All Down to a Peach,” Independent, August 20, 2010, accessed April 29, 2014, www.independent.co.uk/news/people/profiles/timothy-winter-britains-most-influential-muslim—and-it-was-all-down-to-a-peach-2057400.html.
When Muhammad was unsure: Omid Safi, Memories of Muhammad: Why the Prophet Matters (HarperCollins e-books, 2009), p. 107.
“I used to scratch the sperm”: cited in notes to lecture “What Every Muslim Woman Should Know” by Mohammad Akram Nadwi, at Discover Islam UK, Parsons Green, London, March 9, 2013.
“a system for dominating”: Said, Orientalism, rev. ed. (London: Penguin Books, 1995), p. 3.
persecution of Nigeria’s yan daudu: Monica Mark, “Nigeria’s Yan Daudu Face Persecution in Religious Revival,” Guardian, June 11, 2013, p. 21.
10: READING “THE WOMEN”
“DNA of patriarchy”: “Decoding the ‘DNA of Patriarchy’ in Muslim Family Laws,” Musawah, accessed March 28, 2014, http://www.musawah.org/decoding-dna-patriarchy-muslim-family-laws.
“Men are in charge of women”: Muhammad Marmaduke Pickthall, trans., The Meaning of the Glorious Quran (Dublin: Mentor Books), 4:34.
“turn away from”: Aslan, No god but God, p. 70.
“to go about the business of life”: Virginia Woolf, A Room of One’s Own (New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1929), p. 112.
“Their very being and legal existence”: William Blackstone, Commentaries on the Laws of England, book 1, chapter 15 (London: 1765), accessed April 29, 2014, www.ebooks.adelaide.edu.au/b/blackstone/william/comment/book1.15.html.
Early Islamic histories report: Aslan, No god but God, p. 62.
“Those who disobey God”: Cleary, Quran, 4:14.
“Now if she had gone into business”: Woolf, Room, p. 21.
“for partridges and wine”: Ibid, p. 23.
“would necessitate the suppression of families”: Ibid., p. 22.
“peripheral Jews”: Rachel Adler, “The Jew Who Wasn’t There,” in On Being a Jewish Feminist: A Reader, edited by Susanne Heschel (New York: Schocken Books, 1983), p. 13.
“They feel trapped in the lives they are leading”: Nadwi, printed notes for lecture “Jinn—What Is Their Benefit to Humans?” February 23, 2013.
“Among His signs”: Wadud, Gender Jihad, p. 161; also Cleary, Quran, 30:21.
“dominion over the vagina”: Ziba Mir-Hosseini, “Towards Gender Equality: Muslim Family Laws and the Shari’ah,” in Wanted: Equality and Justice in the Muslim Family (Kuala Lumpur: Sisters in Islam, 2009), p. 29.
“They are a garment for you”: Cleary, Quran, 2:187.
11: A PILGRIM’S PROGRESS
“If someone annoys you”: Al-Salam Institute Umrah 2013 Course Handbook; unpublished document, al-Salam Institute, 2014.
with a skinful of water: Malise Ruthven, Islam in the World (London: Granta Books, 2006), p. 14.
“Those who lower their voices”: Cleary, Quran, 49:3.
the house of Muhammad’s beloved Khadija: Jerome Taylor, “Mecca for the Rich: Islam’s Holiest Site ‘Turning into Vegas,’” Independent, September 24, 2011, accessed April 12, 2014, www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/mecca-for-the-rich-islams-holiest-site-turning-into-vegas-2360114.html.
12: JESUS, MARY, AND THE QURAN
probably had a better grounding in Bible stories: Ingrid Mattson, The Story of the Quran: Its History and Place in Muslim Life (Oxford: Blackwell, 2008), pp. 192–93.
Mecca was a multifaith city: Aslan, No god but God, p. 17.
“They don’t belong to the same community”: For a thoughtful exploration of the potential pitfalls and possibilities of discussions between the major faiths, see Amy-Jill Levine, The Misunderstood Jew: The Church and the Scandal of the Jewish Jesus (New York: HarperCollins, 2006). Though the book focuses on Christianity’s discussions of Judaism, its broad themes are trenchant for discussions on Islam’s relationship to earlier monotheisms.
“Abraham was not Jewish or Christian”: Cleary, Quran, 3:67.
“And shake the trunk”: Cleary, Quran, 19:25-6
They did not crucify him: Cleary, Quran, 4:157.
“whose every stride carried it”: Martin Lings, Muhammad: His Life Based on the Earliest Sources (Cambridge: Islamic Texts Society, 1991), p. 101.
“When I told him fifty”: Ibn Ishaq, The Life of Muhammad, p. 252.
“no one group”: Safi, Memories of Muhammad, p. 200.
“spiritual cousins”: Aslan, No god but God, p. 100.
13: BEYOND POLITICS
“In the Quranic worldview”: Safi, Memories of Muhammad, p. 200.
bin Laden’s 1996 declaration of jihad: www.pbs.org/newshour/updates/military-july-dec96-fatwa-1996/, accessed April 12, 2014; also Cleary, Quran, 3:102.
“Spread peace, feed the hungry”: Tariq Ramadan, In the Footsteps of the Prophet: Lessons from the Life of Muhammad (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007), p. 87.
“He who wrongs a Jew or a Christian”: Aslan, No god but God, p. 94.
“of a proud new Muslim identity”: Armstrong, Muhammad, p. 163.
“the politically incorrect truth”: “Befriending Christians and Jews,” The Religion of Peace, accessed April 12, 2014, www.thereligionofpeace.com/Quran/009-friends-with-christians-jews.htm.
“Allah has forbidden the believers”: “Islam Question and Answer; General Supervisor: Shaykh Muhammad Saalih al-Munajjid,” accessed April 12, 2014, http://islamqa.info/en/59879.
“delinked”: See Roy, Globalised Islam, pp. 148–201.
14: THE PHARAOH AND HIS WIFE
the famous footage of a twelve-year-old: The footage of Muhammed al-Durrah remains controversial. In 2013, the Israeli government published the findings of an investigation into the footage, declaring, “There is no evidence that the [Israeli Defense Forces] were in any way responsible for causing any of the alleged injuries to Jamal or the boy.”
“A just leader”: cited in “A Collection of Hadith on Non-Violence, Peace and Mercy,” accessed April 28, 2014, www.sufism.org/foundations/hadith/peacehadith-2.
shaving one another’s heads: Lings, Muhammad, p. 254.
Across the rail tracks: Lawrence Wright, “The Man Behind Bin Laden,” New Yorker, September 16, 2002, accessed April 12, 2014, www.newyorker.com/archive/2002/09/16/020916fa_fact2.
For Egyptian Islamists: Gilles Kepel, Muslim Extremism in Egypt: The Prophet and Pharaoh (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1985), p. 50.
“build me a house in Your presence”: Cleary, Quran, 66:11.
“vanguard”: Kepel, Prophet and Pharaoh, p. 12.
Qutb’s concept of the vanguard: Malise Ruthven, A Fury for God: The Islamist Attack on America (London: Granta Books, 2002), p. 91.
“beautiful, tall, semi-naked”: John Calvert, “‘The World Is an Undutiful Boy!’: Sayyid Qutb’s American Experience,” Islam and Christian-Muslim Relations, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 87–103.
“the first written constitution”: www.constitutionofmadina.com, accessed April 28, 2014.
15: WAR STORIES
The events unfolding after that first coup: See, for example, Jonathan Steele, Ghosts of Afghanistan: The Haunted Battleground (London: Portobello Books, 2011).
“A brilliant strategist”: Carla Power, “In the Realm of the Angels,” Newsweek International, February 18, 2001, accessed April 13, 2014, www.newsweek.com/realm-angels-155563.
“Believers fight for the sake of God”: Cleary, Quran, 4:76.
Court scholars during the Muslim Empires: John L. Esposito, The Future of Islam (New York: Oxford University Press, 2010), p. 49.
“shibboleth, the battle cry”: Bruce Lawrence, The Qur’an: A Biography (Atlantic Books, 2006), p. 181.
An influential study: Marc Sageman, “The Normality of Global Jihadi Terrorism,” Journal of International Security Affairs, Spring 2005: 8, accessed April 13, 2014, www.securityaffairs.org/issues/2005/08/sageman.php.
“defeated people”: Sayyid Qutb, Milestones, accessed April 12, 2014, majalla.org/books/2005/qutb-nilestone[sic].pdf, p. 48.
“today, information is available”: “Questions & Answers with Shayk Abu Hamza,” posted March 8, 2002 (7:16 a.m.), www.angelfire.com/bc3/johnsonuk/eng/abu_hamza.html.
“You want to be a real man”: Carla Power, Christopher Dickey, et al., “Generation M,” Newsweek (Atlantic edition), December 1, 2003, accessed April 12, 2014, www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-110537991.html.
ilm, or knowledge: Akbar S. Ahmed, Discovering Islam: Making Sense of Muslim History and Society (Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1988), p. 16.
“September 11 put me on a heightened state of alert”: Carla Power and Christopher Dickey, “Muhammad Atta’s Neighborhood,” Newsweek, December 16, 2002, p. 45.
16: THE LAST LESSON
“Who would wait for me”: Allama Muhammad Iqbal, 1914, www.poemhunter.com/allama-muhammad-iqbal/biography/, accessed April 11, 2014.
“the wooden ritual of those”: Muhammad Asad, The Road to Mecca (New York: Simon and Schuster, 1954), p. 55.
During World War II: Asad himself told the anecdote to the Islamic Information Service in an interview, “God Man Relationship—Part 2,” available on YouTube.
son Talal was growing up: Talal Asad, “Muhammad Asad Between Religion and Politics,” accessed April 12, 2014, www.interactive.net.in/content/muhammad-asad-between-religion-and-politics.
“like the prospect of venturing out onto a bridge”: Asad, Road to Mecca, p. 308.
“without any faith in binding truths”: Ibid., p. 309.
CONCLUSION: EVERLASTING RETURN
Born a Christian: “Part of an Interview with Abdalhaqq Bewley,” accessed April 10, 2014, bewley.virtualave.net/interview2.html.
Scientists who have studied the postures: Shabbir Ahmed Sayeed and Anand Prakash, “The Islamic Prayer (Salah/Namaaz) and Yoga Togetherness in Mental Health,” Indian Journal of Psychiatry, January 2013, 55 (Suppl. 2), accessed April 10, 2014, www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3705686/.
“translated men”: Salman Rushdie, “Imaginary Homelands,” in Imaginary Homelands: Essays and Criticism 1981–1991 (London: Penguin Books, 1992), p. 17.
The powerful Ottoman Empire: Mustafa Akyol, Islam Without Extremes: A Muslim Case for Liberty (New York: W. W. Norton, 2011), pp. 139–41.
a 2011 Pew survey: “Muslim Americans: No Signs of Growth in Alienation or Support for Extremism” (Pew Research Center, August 2011), accessed April 28, 2014, www.people-press.org/2011/08/30/muslim-americans-no-signs-of-growth-in-alienation-or-support-for-extremism/.
“pluralism, individual autonomy”: A. C. Grayling, Ideas That Matter: A Personal Guide for the 21st Century (London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 2009), p. 164.
“the one place in any society”: Salman Rushdie, “Is Nothing Sacred?” in Imaginary Homelands, p. 429.
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