Standoff, page 29
and populism, 32, 33, 39
and race, 210, 226–27, 261
and Republican image, 193, 200
and taxes, 196
wealth of, 193, 194, 224
and world affairs, 156, 159, 160–61, 165, 166, 172
Bush, George W.
and abortion, 201
and affirmative action, 201
approval rating for, 67, 68, 172
books about, 78
as business executive, 237
character of, 205
as compassionate conservative, 201
convention speech of, 202
and death penalty, 31
and economy, 194, 203
election of 2000 and, 5, 12–13, 20, 123, 172, 197, 198, 200, 202, 203, 205, 225, 269
election of 2004 and, 175, 231, 232, 233–34, 235–36, 269
election of 2008 and, 271
and gay issues, 152, 201
and immigration, 130–31, 132, 133
inaugural speeches of, 171
and intensity factor, 130–31, 132, 133
and Iraq, 20, 70, 203, 232, 233, 234, 269
likability of, 198
mandate for, 269
and New versus Old America, 5, 12–13, 20
and 1960s culture, 206
and polarization, 53, 67, 68, 70
and political separation, 76, 78, 82
and populism, 31, 44, 47–48
prescription drug program of, 111
public opinion about, 212
and race, 261
and Republican image, 199, 200
and role of government, 136, 137
September 11 and, 161, 269, 280
and Social Security, 203
and taxes, 202, 203, 274–75
and terrorism, 161, 232, 233–34, 269, 280
Trump defiance of, 247
as uniter, 205
West Point speech of, 161, 167, 182
and world affairs, 158, 161, 166, 167, 168–69, 171–72, 173, 174, 175, 176, 182, 232, 233
Bush, Jeb, 4, 23, 117, 136, 242, 245, 255–56
business: government compared with, 249
Byrd, Robert, 25
cabinet meeting, Trump: televising of, 279
Caddell, Patrick, 61–62
Cantor, Eric, 23, 271
Carson, Ben, 117, 118
Carter, Jimmy
approval ratings for, 66, 67
and class issues, 209
and culture war of 1960s, 55
and Democratic stereotypes, 244
and economy, 32, 194
election of 1976 and, 2, 62, 141, 187–88
election of 1980 and, 141, 188, 190, 191, 192, 193, 196, 217, 234
and foreign policy, 194
Mondale as vice president for, 224
and national security, 234
and New versus Old America, 2, 4
and polarization, 55, 62, 66, 67, 192
populism and, 32, 33
and taxes, 188
CBS News, 103, 129, 136, 152, 159, 174, 190
Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), 222
Chaffee, Lincoln, 31, 61, 68
change
and Afghanistan, 171
and Constitution, 139
in Democratic party, 97
and experience as way to change public opinion, 153
and getting out of Iraq war, 168–69, 170
and gun laws, 122–23
and hardening of party lines, 66, 67–68
and New and Old America, 119
in 1960s, 39, 56, 57
and phony poll of 1980, 191
public attitudes about, 13
regime, 162, 172
and religion, 56
and role of government, 94
and same-sex marriage, 153
and Tea Party, 46
and working-class whites, 50–51, 261
See also specific person or election
character
and political separation, 83–84
as theme for 1996 election, 227–31
as theme for 2000 election, 197–205
See also specific person
Charlottesville, Virginia: violence in, 272
Cheney, Dick, 152–53, 166, 200, 231, 245
choice: as theme of 1964 election, 213–15
Christian Coalition, 41, 42, 225
Christie, Chris, 118, 119
civil rights
abortion analogy with, 147
and Bork confirmation hearings, 139
and Democrats, 55, 275
and intensity factor, 119
passage of, 107
and polarization, 55, 60, 62, 69
and populism, 38, 39
public opinion about, 147
and role of government, 96
See also specific person or election
Civil Rights Act, 9, 189, 215
Civil War, 11, 86, 277
class issues
and polarization, 63
and political parties as cross-class coalitions, 243
and populism, 33–38
and taxes, 99
See also elites; specific person or election
Clinton, Bill
and abortion, 46, 87
approval ratings for, 67, 68, 199, 205, 227
and balanced budget, 200–201
books by, 78
as centrist/“third way,” 193, 203, 229, 258
and character, 205, 227–31
crisis for, 269
Democratic relationship with, 257, 258, 272
and differences between political parties, 203–4
and economy, 35, 88–89, 203
and education, 229
empathy of, 194
and Gennifer Flowers, 228
and Gore, 204, 224
and government shutdown, 5, 45–46
and gun issues, 122, 123
and health care, 20, 98–102, 104, 105, 272
impeachment of, 5, 17–18, 19, 42, 43, 46, 70, 83–88, 89, 137, 200, 240, 266
Inaugural Address of, 160
and intensity factor, 122, 123
and jobs, 89
and knowing the times, 13
and Lewinsky scandal, 16–17, 68, 83–86, 157, 266
and meritocracy, 82
as “New Democrat,” 193
and New versus Old America, 3–4, 5, 11, 13, 16–17, 18, 19, 20, 229
and 1960s culture, 55, 204, 206
and polarization, 53, 55, 62, 67, 68, 70, 257, 258
and political separation, 76, 78, 82, 83–89
and populism, 33, 35, 41, 42, 43, 45–46, 48, 88, 89
and public opinion, 11, 16–18, 20, 84–85, 137, 212, 229, 240
and race, 210
as redefining Hillary, 251
and role of government, 92, 98–102, 104, 105
and same-sex marriage, 152, 153, 233
and Social Security, 98–99
State of the Union speech of, 99
as stealing Republican issues, 200–201, 275
and taxes, 35
and trade issues, 33
“triangulation” of, 46, 275
and US role in world affairs, 157, 160, 161, 162
and values, 46, 87, 88, 203, 204, 229
vetoes of, 200–201
views about politics of, 249
and Whitewater controversy, 157
Clinton, Bill—elections and
election of 1992 and, 3–4, 35, 43, 69, 89, 193, 194, 195, 197, 228, 230, 246, 258
election of 1994 and, 11, 16, 41, 42, 45–46, 200, 275
election of 1996 and, 4, 76, 227–31
election of 1998 and, 16–17, 42, 88–89, 230, 240, 266, 267
election of 2000 and, 55, 203–4, 205
election of 2004 and, 233, 234–35
and expectations in elections, 267
Clinton, Hillary
base for, 208
books by, 78
and change, 206, 251
and Democratic party, 257, 258, 259
and economy, 253, 259, 268
and education, 258
and foreign policy, 208
and Gennifer Flowers issue, 228
and health care, 101, 102–3, 108, 207
image of, 251
and immigration, 133, 134
and intensity factor, 133, 134
and Iraq, 168, 207
and jobs, 258
and New versus Old America, 13, 23, 24, 26
and polarization, 57, 63, 64, 71, 257
and political separation, 75, 76, 78, 80–81
and populism, 35, 36, 50
public opinion about, 241
and race, 209
and same-sex marriage, 153
and taxes, 258
and trade issues, 63
and US role in world affairs, 168, 178, 179
and Whitewater controversy, 157
and working class, 208, 253
Clinton, Hillary—and elections
election of 2008 and, 35, 36, 102–3, 108, 206–7, 208, 209, 210, 248
election of 2016 and, 13, 23, 26, 36, 50, 57, 63, 64, 71, 75, 76, 78, 80–81, 133, 134, 178, 179, 244, 250, 251, 252, 253, 255, 258, 259, 268
CNN, 17, 45, 79, 99, 103, 109, 132, 138, 139, 148, 149, 152, 169, 171, 197
coalitions
and New versus Old America, 21–24
See also specific coalition
Coburn, Tom, 106–7, 112
Cold War, 59, 156, 158, 167, 172–76, 179, 185, 189, 199
Collins, Susan, 68–69
communism, 60, 96, 156, 158, 164, 173, 174, 189, 214. See also Cold War; specific person
competence: as theme for 1988 election, 222–27
Congress, US
bipartisanship in, 260
elections to, 7, 15
and insularity of legislators, 125–26
polarization in, 260
presidential relationships with, 272–75, 280
reconciliation process in, 107
See also specific person, election, or topic
conservatives
as elites, 243
stereotypes of, 244–45
See also specific person or issue
Constitution, US
and abortion, 124, 141, 142, 144
and affirmative action, 150
ajudication of, 142
and benefits of weak government, 278
Bork views about, 139
and checks and balances, 278, 280
and gridlock, 6, 7, 8, 9
and limits on presidential powers, 278, 280
and New versus Old America, 6, 7, 8, 9
and public opinion, 8, 29
and role of government, 92, 268–69
and same-sex marriage, 58, 153
Tea Party belief in, 44
and Trump-Congress relationship, 273
contempt: and anger/defiance, 269–71
Conyers, John, 88
Corker, Bob, 274
crisis, 8–9, 266, 267–68, 269, 280. See also specific person, election, or crisis
Crist, Charlie, 44
Cronkite, Walter, 168
Cruz, Ted, 4, 23, 40, 43–44, 64, 117, 177, 242, 245, 249, 250, 256, 260
Cuban Missile Crisis (1962), 55, 165, 173, 214, 244
culture: and role of government, 92, 94
Cuomo, Mario, 193
“daisy ad,” 214, 234
Daley, Richard J., 61, 216
Dean, Howard, 208, 232
death penalty, 31, 32, 33, 69
Defense of Marriage Act (1996), 152
definition of issues: and role of government, 135–40
DeLay, Tom, 201
DeMint, Jim, 104–5
Democratic party
change in, 97
and civil rights, 275
as New America party, 52
polarization within, 272
shift to left in, 258–59
See also political parties; specific person, election, or topic
District of Columbia v. Heller (2008), 124
Dole, Bob, 33, 100, 210, 227–28, 230–31, 244
DREAM Act (Development, Relief, and Education for Alien Minors), 128
Dukakis, Michael
and class issues, 209
and Democratic stereotypes, 244
election of 1988 and, 4, 32, 35, 193, 208, 222, 225, 226, 227, 234
election of 2004 and, 233
and national security, 234
and New versus Old America, 4, 225
and populism, 32, 35
and race, 227
values of, 225, 226
economy
anger about, 246, 261, 264
and blurring of differences between political parties, 203
and Bush wealth, 194
and class politics, 35
and cross-pressured politics, 253
and Democratic party shift to left, 258–59
and “economic nationalist movement,” 264
as entrepreneurial, 29
and Fantasy Decade, 157
and health care, 100, 103
and intensity factor, 119
and jobs, 194
and NASCAR nation, 48
and polarization, 58–59, 60, 63, 66
and political separation, 79
and populism, 30, 31–34, 36, 37–38, 64, 65, 243, 259, 262
and progressives, 263
public opinion about, 236
and race, 227
and Republican conservatism, 189, 196
and role of government, 92–93, 94–95, 96, 238
and single issue voting, 127
and values/interests, 24, 26
See also specific person or election
education, 229, 251–55, 258, 274
Edwards, John, 168, 207, 234
Eisenhower, Dwight D., 59, 66, 185, 193, 214, 224, 249, 268
elections
close votes in, 198–99
congressional, 7, 15
expectations in, 266–67
as horse races, 230
and Law of Missing Imperative, 184
and party stereotypes, 244
scare tactics in, 233–35
for state and local government, 7, 15–16
television coverage of, 15
“wave,” 75
See also specific election or candidate
election of 1912, 196, 224
election of 1932, 246
election of 1946, 223
election of 1948, 223
election of 1956, 220
election of 1960, 74, 185, 198, 199, 224, 226
election of 1964
and change, 214, 215
choice as theme of, 213–15
and civil rights, 189, 214, 215
and communism, 214
and economy, 214
election of 1972 compared with, 215–16
failed challenges in, 213–15
and Law of the Missing Imperative, 183–84
and moderates, 190
and New versus Old America, 2, 22, 189
and polarization, 55, 59, 61
and political separation, 76
and populism, 38
and taxes, 215
truck campaign in, 183–84
and Vietnam, 214
See also specific candidate
election of 1968
anger during, 246
and antiwar activism, 186, 216
challengers in, 196
and change, 187
and civil rights, 195
Democratic convention for, 216
and economy, 195
failed challenges in, 224
and Law of the Missing Imperative, 186–87
and New versus Old America, 19–20
order as theme of, 186–87
and polarization, 59, 61, 67, 69
and populism, 32, 34, 35, 36, 39
and race, 186, 208
and Vietnam, 19–20, 32, 61, 69, 186, 195, 217
See also specific candidate
election of 1972
and abortion, 69, 216
and antiwar activism, 216, 217
and Cold War, 189
election of 1964 compared with, 215–16
failed challenges in, 215–17
and moderates, 190
and New versus Old America, 2, 3, 4, 20, 22, 189, 225
peace as theme for, 215–17
and polarization, 59, 61–62, 69
and populism, 32, 35, 36, 39
and race, 189, 208
and taxes, 61–62
and Vietnam, 20, 32, 62, 216, 217
See also specific candidate
election of 1976
challengers in, 195–96
and civil rights, 188
failed challenges in, 224
and Law of the Missing Imperative, 187–88
morality as theme of, 187–88
and New versus Old America, 2
and polarization, 62
and populism, 32–33
and race, 188, 226
See also specific candidate
election of 1980
and abortion, 141, 191, 192
anger during, 246
challengers in, 196
and change, 188, 189, 190, 191, 192
and class issues, 209
and foreign policy, 219
and Law of the Missing Imperative, 188–93
leadership as theme of, 188–93
and moderates, 190, 192
and New versus Old America, 22, 189
and polarization, 69, 192
public opinion about, 190, 191
and religion, 189
and social issues, 191–92
and taxes, 188
See also specific candidate
election of 1982, 12, 219
election of 1984
and change, 220
and class issues, 209
and conditions in US, 266
and economy, 218–19
failed challenges in, 217–22, 224
fairness as theme for, 217–22
and foreign policy, 218, 219
gender voting in, 220–21
and health care, 218
and middle class, 219
and national security, 234
and New versus Old America, 2, 218
and polarization, 69
and political separation, 76
and populism, 35, 36, 39
and public opinion, 219
and race, 208
and taxes, 218
See also specific candidate
election of 1988
and change, 224
and class issues, 209
competence as theme for, 222–27
failed challenges in, 222–27
and Law of the Missing Imperative, 193
and national security, 234
and New versus Old America, 4, 225
and polarization, 69
and populism, 32, 35
public opinion about, 224–25
and race, 208, 226–27
and religion, 225
and values, 225, 226
See also specific candidate
election of 1990, 41, 143
election of 1992
anger during, 246, 249
challengers in, 196
