B00DJWV13Q EBOK, page 128
Chinese immigrants in, 150
railroad workers’ defections to, 107, 119, 121, 148, 154
Minkler, Henry H., 198
Mississippi and Missouri Railroad (M&M), 32–33, 34, 37, 39
Mississippi River, bridge over, 30
Missouri, in Civil War, 98, 130
Missouri Bill (railroad worker), 199, 200
Missouri River, 33–34, 37, 168, 381
freezing of, 173, 207
railroad bridge over, 30, 188, 260, 373
supplies transported across, 20, 133, 173, 175, 181, 373
Mobile and Ohio Railroad, 85
Mohawk & Hudson, The, 27
Mohawk and Hudson Railroad, 25
Montague, Samuel Skerry:
background of, 110
Chinese workers admired by, 152, 164
at completion ceremony, 367
construction reports made by, 124, 203
as CP engineer, 116, 117, 118, 206, 291, 306
on quality vs. pace of progress, 312
route improvements incorporated by, 124, 162–63
tunnel labor shifts organized by, 160
worker defections regretted by, 119
Montana, gold mining in, 129
Monument Point, Utah, 255, 290–91, 313, 316, 345
Morison, Samuel Eliot, 376
Mormons:
leadership of, 278, 279, 280
polygamy practiced by, 281
population levels of, 280
as railroad laborers, 189, 242, 261, 281–91, 294–95, 316, 327n, 329
westward route of, 33, 36, 279
Mormon War, 63
Morrill, Justin, 79
Morrill Land Grant Act, 79n
Morris, Isaac, 252
Morris, Thomas B., 338
Morse, John, 113
Mountaineering in the Sierra Nevada (King), 145–46
Murphy, R. A., 363
Napoleon I, Emperor of France, 115, 170
Nebraska:
farming in, 169, 212
railroad routes in, 167–92, 168, 212
silver mining in, 148
statehood of, 172
UP land grants in, 211–12
weather extremes of, 207
Nevada:
CP line across, 297–317, 299, 343
Great Desert of, 309–10
statehood of, 18, 123
Nevada Central Railroad, 114
Newcastle, trestle bridge at, 154
New York Central Railroad, 99, 158
Niagara Gorge Railroad, 55–56, 69
Nichols, H. K., 141
nitroglycerin, 200–201, 235–36, 288, 328
Nobel, Alfred, 200, 201
North Platte River, 168, 223
railroad bridges over, 183, 187, 262
Nounan, Joseph, 285, 295
Nye, James, 339
Ogden, William B., 84
Ogden, Utah, 254, 255, 277, 286, 290–91, 296, 319, 327, 335
as UP-CP meeting, 339–40, 341, 371–72
“O’Halloran’s Luck” (Benét), 217–18
Omaha, Nebr.:
growth of, 167–69
oxbow route south of, 132
supply routes to, 133, 276–77, 373
as UP terminus, 87, 89–90, 91, 168, 184, 186
opium, 153, 162
Oregon Short Line, 225, 377
Orr, J. M., 295
Overland Journey from New York to San Francisco in the Summer of 1859, An (Greeley), 39
oxen, supply wagons drawn by, 234
Pacific, 115
Pacific Railroad Act (1862), 77–81, 83, 89, 94, 101–2, 108, 111, 147, 253–54, 257, 270–71, 306, 370
Pacific Railroad Act (1864), 94–96, 123, 143, 147, 254, 271
Pacific Railroad Museum, 66, 67
Pacific Railway Commission, U.S., 301
Palisade Canyon, 306
Panama, sea routes via, 49–50, 51, 52, 147, 249
Panama Canal, 17
paper money, 102
Partridge, A. P., 206, 237
“Passage to India” (Whitman), 358, 370
passenger service, 121–22, 124, 148–49, 187, 203, 222, 306–7, 323–25
Patterson, J. W., 185
Pawnee, 172, 173, 186, 265–66
Pawnee Killer (Cheyenne chief), 222, 225, 226
Pennsylvania, rail manufacture in, 28
Pennsylvania Fiscal Agency, 92–93
Perkins, J. R., 38, 85
pile driver, 107
Platte River Valley, 36–37, 87, 130–31, 140–43, 168, 183, 189, 212
Plum Creek, Indian attack near, 222–23, 225
Polk, James K., 42
polygamy, 281
Pony Express, 76
Poor, Henry V., 26, 82, 84, 89, 226, 231
Pope, John, 173
Populist Party, 80
postcombat trauma, 218
Powell, John Wesley, 275n
Practical Plan for Building the Pacific Railroad, A (Judah), 59–60
prairie dogs, 141
Pratt, Milando, 293
Price, Hiram, 94
Progressive Party, 80
Promontory, Utah, 316, 317, 319, 327, 352, 353
Promontory Mountains, 202, 255, 296, 327, 332–33, 338, 350
Promontory Summit, 362–63, 371, 372
prostitution, 217, 218, 219, 269
Pullman, George, 186
Pullman Palace Sleeping Car Company, 185, 369–70
Pusey, W.H.M., 23, 38, 39
rail chair, 57
railroads:
building costs of, 57, 133
Cheyenne museum on, 221
consolidation of, 246
curves on, 57, 78
development engendered by, 167–69, 176
financing of, 58
inclines climbed by, 57, 66, 125
land grants for, 30
management systems of, 99–100
military construction of, 84–85, 96
operating accidents of, 268–69
passenger conditions in, 24–25, 222
profitability of, 58
speed of, 57
state regulations developed on, 29–30
tax exemptions given to, 29
technological improvements of, 268
track structure of, 57
U.S. growth of, 28, 29, 35, 133–34, 371
as vehicle of U.S. expansion, 25
see also Central Pacific Railroad; transcontinental railroad; Union Pacific Railroad
railroad workers, see construction workers
rails, cost of, 301
rain, 208, 212, 361
Ralston, William, 292
Rawlins, John A., 220, 223–24, 344, 367
Rawlins Springs, Wyo., 224, 251, 262
Red Desert, 223, 251
Redfield, William, 27
Reed, Peter, 40, 84
Reed, Samuel B., 349
in administrative hierarchy, 172, 174, 176, 187, 211, 273, 286
at completion ceremony, 361, 363, 364, 365, 366
as construction superintendent, 170, 172, 174–76, 183, 190, 227, 254, 256–61
on CP rivalry, 258–59
on Indian threat, 132, 183, 227
management conflict noted by, 212
overwork of, 258, 324, 330
rates of progress reported by, 176, 208, 261
on Salt Lake City, 129
in UP surveying parties, 91, 128, 135, 144, 220, 279
on vice, 218, 257–58
weather conditions monitored by, 207–8
on westward U.S. migration, 129
on Young’s construction contract, 261, 279, 282, 283, 284, 289, 290, 294
Reeder, Clarence, 287
Reno, Jesse Lee, 304
Reno, Nev., 299, 304, 308, 311
Republican Party, 23, 39–40, 66, 67, 71, 100
Rhodes, W. H., 311–12
Richardson, Albert D., 159–60, 278
Richardson, H. H., 380
riding bosses, 201
Riegel, Robert E., 105
rifles, 264
Robinson, L. L., 111, 122–23
Rockefeller, John D., 270
Rocket, 27
Rock Island and Pacific Railroad, 30
Rock Island Railroad Company, 24, 32, 35, 36, 40, 41
Rocky Mountain Press Club, 275
Rocky Mountains, 87, 207, 225, 252
Roosevelt, Theodore, 153
Root, Henry, 160, 201
Rusling, James, 240
Russell, Andrew, 260, 328, 337, 365, 366–67
Russell, Robert, 76, 79
Russia, Trans-Siberian Railway construction in, 18
Ryan, Father, 219
Sacramento, 236
Sacramento Union, payoffs to, 120
Sacramento Valley Railroad, 55, 56, 57–58, 68, 104, 105, 110, 111, 122
Salt Lake City, Utah:
CP-UP rivalry and, 243
founding of, 278, 279
neatness of, 129
on railroad routes, 128, 238, 239, 279–80, 281, 285, 286, 289, 372–73
San Francisco, Calif.:
Chinese population of, 151–52
CP financial aid from, 109, 148
Sargent, Aaron A., 76, 77–78, 108, 380
Savage, C. R., 354–55, 365
Schill, Samuel, 287
Scott, A. B., 123
scrapers, 138
Second Bank of the United States, 83n
Seward, William, 90, 360
Seymour, Horatio, 55, 56, 91
Seymour, M. F., 258
Seymour, Silas, 186, 349, 363
in administrative hierarchy, 172, 271
Judah recommended by, 55
in route disputes, 98, 271–73
Sacramento Valley Railroad and, 55, 56
on UP achievement, 340
as UP consulting engineer, 91, 98, 172, 271, 342
Young’s contracts with, 282, 283, 289
Shannon, Fred, 376
Sharp, John, 285, 287, 290, 364
Sharp & Young, 285, 290
Shay, Michael, 349
sheep grazing, 267
Sheffield, Joseph, 32
shell shock, 218
Sheridan, Philip, 96, 98, 173, 272, 273
Sherman, Charles T., 96, 139
Sherman, John, 63, 94, 185, 281–82, 339
Sherman, William T., 18, 94
California business interests of, 55, 62
in Civil War, 96, 97, 123, 182
Dodge’s relationship with, 96–97, 98, 131–32, 171, 210, 215, 273
on gold rush, 54
Grant’s election supported by, 272
on Indian campaigns, 131–32, 174, 183, 211, 214, 215, 223, 225–26, 266
on naval transport to California, 51–52, 53, 368
as promoter of railroads, 185
recruitment shortages noted by, 211
on transcontinental project, 63, 171, 271, 357, 367–68, 382
troop transport by railroads foreseen by, 184–85, 215, 345
Sherman Pass, 223, 227, 251
Sherman Summit, 251, 259, 260, 271, 340, 380
Shilling, W. N., 365–66
Sierra Nevada mountains:
border determination on, 108–9, 149
1866 survey of, 145–46
railroad route over, 19, 66–70, 72–75, 81, 118, 146–47, 231, 306–8, 343
Summit Tunnel through, 160–62, 194, 199–202, 204, 206, 232, 235–36, 239, 244, 247
as timber resource, 310
Sioux, 130, 135, 172–73, 209, 211, 214, 216, 223, 225, 265, 266
slang terms, 182
slavery, 356
freedom from, 86, 152, 177, 211, 250
transcontinental route decision impeded by, 31, 36, 43, 60, 63, 76
Small, Hank, 307
Smith, Joseph, 279
Smoot, Bill, 295–96
snow, 75, 147, 195, 197–98, 203–6, 208, 231, 232–33, 239, 259, 323–25
snowsheds, 234–35, 245, 302–4
Snyder, Webster, 257, 258, 324, 325, 329, 344
Southern Pacific Railroad, 165, 246, 377–78, 379
spikes, 57, 181
Spotted Tail (Sioux Indian), 209, 210
Springfield rifle, 265
stable bosses, 137
stagecoach service, 345, 362
Stanford, Asa Philip, 113
Stanford, Leland, 19, 113, 245, 255
business interests of, 72, 73, 104
on Chinese immigrant workers, 150, 164, 243
at completion ceremony, 360, 361, 363, 364, 365, 366, 367
on construction management, 200, 237, 291
construction photos arranged by, 122
CP financial management and, 121, 147, 149, 246–47, 301, 335
CP holdings of, 43, 105
on Crocker’s financial position, 165
on eastern railroad limit, 326–27, 330
financing sought by, 106, 108, 109
on grading difficulties, 163, 332
groundbreaking by, 106–7, 362
later years of, 379–80
Mormon contracts handled by, 288–90, 291–92, 306, 315–16
in politics, 62, 72, 74, 196, 243, 380
on profitability of eastern route, 238
promotional events handled by, 106–7, 118, 121, 159
railroad consolidation backed by, 246
on rate of progress, 300, 306, 316–17
reputation of, 270
snowsheds approved by, 302, 304
on subsidy bonds, 367
on UP-CP rivalry, 291–92, 312, 316–17, 331, 335
wagon road owned by, 76
Stanford, Leland, Jr., 380
Stanley, Henry Morton, 130, 179, 182, 218, 266
Stanton, Elizabeth Cady, 229
state universities, 79n
steam power, 32, 42
Stephenson, George, 25, 27
Stevens, Robert L., 57
Stevens, Thaddeus, 78
Stevenson, Robert Louis, 45
Stewart, Joseph P., 95–96
Stewart, William M., 339
Strobridge, Hanna Maria, 198–99, 314, 364
Strobridge, James Harvey, 19, 120, 244, 382
background of, 120
on Big Trestle construction, 338
blasting operations run by, 156, 200, 201, 235
on Chinese laborers, 149–50, 152, 164, 241, 243
at completion ceremony, 365, 366
construction pace and, 236, 239, 300–301, 322–23, 346, 347, 348
discipline maintained by, 120, 164, 198
on drilling technologies, 236–37
family life of, 198–99, 314
hiring policies of, 148, 149–50, 161, 198
supplies organized by, 308, 315, 322–23, 328, 362
on weather difficulties, 197–98, 204, 206, 305
work crews organized by, 156, 163, 203, 305, 327, 350, 351
Strong, Daniel W. “Doc,” 69–70, 71, 73, 74, 75, 108, 112, 113, 115
Suez Canal, 370
Sullivan, Michael, 349
Summit Tunnel, 160–62, 194, 199–202, 204, 206, 232, 235–36, 239, 244, 247
surveyors, 19, 125–29, 134–36, 140–43, 144, 215–16, 262–65, 326
Sweet, Cyrus, 363
switchbacks, 25, 78
swiveling truck, 25
tallow-pot, 182
Taylor, Bayard, 169
Taylor, John, 368
T. D. Judah, 115
telegraph lines, 67, 76, 167, 250, 257, 258, 279, 292, 314, 315, 357, 365, 369–70
Thatcher, Moses, 169
Thayer, John M., 185, 210
Thayer, Sam, 153
Thompson, A. L., 258
tie-down, 182
tie layers, 180, 181–82
timber supplies, 135, 139–40, 154, 189, 254, 309–10
Tipton, F. W., 185
Todd, John, 357
track layers, 118, 139, 275–76, 311–12, 315, 329, 346–52
Train, George Francis, 86, 88, 90, 92–93, 96, 186, 191
transcontinental railroad:
completion ceremonies of, 354, 356, 360–68
congressional legislation on, 77–81, 83, 89, 94–96, 101–2, 108, 111, 123, 143, 147, 193–94
economic benefits of, 249–50, 253, 369–71
government financial aid on, 19, 58, 60, 64, 80–81, 87–88, 94–95, 252–55, 330–31, 333–35, 367, 377
grades used in, 66, 69, 74, 78, 119
land grants to, 60, 64, 81, 95, 253, 375–77
media enthrallment with, 185
meeting point of, 95, 254–55, 291, 339–40, 345, 358
mileage of, 18
mineral rights near, 95
passenger and freight charges on, 369, 376
political backing on, 39–41, 58–61, 279
popular support of, 24–25, 26, 27, 30, 32, 63, 101–2, 144, 149, 185, 194, 221–22, 249, 253, 345, 356–58
profitability of, 19
right of way along sides of, 80
route chosen for, 24, 26, 27, 31, 32–39, 40–41, 59, 60–61, 63, 66–67, 125–29, 326
speed of, 357, 369
Washington promotional efforts on, 59–61, 64–68, 75–76, 193, 194
Western European enthusiasm on, 250
see also Central Pacific Railroad; Union Pacific Railroad
transcontinental railroad construction:
CP-UP rivalry in, 155, 193–94, 201, 203, 225, 230–31, 238–39, 241, 242–43, 244, 247, 248, 249, 252, 274, 277, 282–83, 290–92, 300, 304–5, 306, 313, 316–17, 322–23, 331, 333–35, 337–40, 341–42, 346–52, 362–63, 365, 371–72
criticisms of, 252–53
disputed territory in, 330–31, 333–35, 339–40
end of, 352–55
geological challenges of, 250–52
pace of progress in, 20, 178, 194, 252
parallel grades in, 255, 277, 290–92, 306, 327, 353, 371–72
speed vs. quality of, 19, 20, 252, 371
supply routes for, 19–20, 249
water sources planned in, 127
workforce on, 21–22, 378–79
see also construction workers
Trans-Siberian Railway, 18
trestles, 26, 124, 139, 154–55, 338–39
Truckee River, 201, 202, 231, 237, 244, 304, 305, 307–8, 309
tunnels, 20
blasting powder used on, 160–61, 328
Chinese workers vs. Cornish miners in excavation of, 199–200
cost of, 104, 161, 235–36, 291
in granite, 147, 155–56, 231–32, 235
hoisting engine used in work on, 199
nitroglycerin blasting of, 200–201, 235–36, 288, 328
physical demands of work on, 21
Summit, 160–62, 194, 199–202, 204, 206, 232, 235–36, 239, 244, 247
switchbacks vs., 78
on UP line, 207, 288, 295, 327–28
weather delays on, 197, 203, 204–5, 207, 232–34
Tweed, William M. “Boss,” 336
Tweed, William M., Jr., 336, 339
Union Pacific Railroad (UP):
board of directors of, 83–84, 128
railroad workers’ defections to, 107, 119, 121, 148, 154
Minkler, Henry H., 198
Mississippi and Missouri Railroad (M&M), 32–33, 34, 37, 39
Mississippi River, bridge over, 30
Missouri, in Civil War, 98, 130
Missouri Bill (railroad worker), 199, 200
Missouri River, 33–34, 37, 168, 381
freezing of, 173, 207
railroad bridge over, 30, 188, 260, 373
supplies transported across, 20, 133, 173, 175, 181, 373
Mobile and Ohio Railroad, 85
Mohawk & Hudson, The, 27
Mohawk and Hudson Railroad, 25
Montague, Samuel Skerry:
background of, 110
Chinese workers admired by, 152, 164
at completion ceremony, 367
construction reports made by, 124, 203
as CP engineer, 116, 117, 118, 206, 291, 306
on quality vs. pace of progress, 312
route improvements incorporated by, 124, 162–63
tunnel labor shifts organized by, 160
worker defections regretted by, 119
Montana, gold mining in, 129
Monument Point, Utah, 255, 290–91, 313, 316, 345
Morison, Samuel Eliot, 376
Mormons:
leadership of, 278, 279, 280
polygamy practiced by, 281
population levels of, 280
as railroad laborers, 189, 242, 261, 281–91, 294–95, 316, 327n, 329
westward route of, 33, 36, 279
Mormon War, 63
Morrill, Justin, 79
Morrill Land Grant Act, 79n
Morris, Isaac, 252
Morris, Thomas B., 338
Morse, John, 113
Mountaineering in the Sierra Nevada (King), 145–46
Murphy, R. A., 363
Napoleon I, Emperor of France, 115, 170
Nebraska:
farming in, 169, 212
railroad routes in, 167–92, 168, 212
silver mining in, 148
statehood of, 172
UP land grants in, 211–12
weather extremes of, 207
Nevada:
CP line across, 297–317, 299, 343
Great Desert of, 309–10
statehood of, 18, 123
Nevada Central Railroad, 114
Newcastle, trestle bridge at, 154
New York Central Railroad, 99, 158
Niagara Gorge Railroad, 55–56, 69
Nichols, H. K., 141
nitroglycerin, 200–201, 235–36, 288, 328
Nobel, Alfred, 200, 201
North Platte River, 168, 223
railroad bridges over, 183, 187, 262
Nounan, Joseph, 285, 295
Nye, James, 339
Ogden, William B., 84
Ogden, Utah, 254, 255, 277, 286, 290–91, 296, 319, 327, 335
as UP-CP meeting, 339–40, 341, 371–72
“O’Halloran’s Luck” (Benét), 217–18
Omaha, Nebr.:
growth of, 167–69
oxbow route south of, 132
supply routes to, 133, 276–77, 373
as UP terminus, 87, 89–90, 91, 168, 184, 186
opium, 153, 162
Oregon Short Line, 225, 377
Orr, J. M., 295
Overland Journey from New York to San Francisco in the Summer of 1859, An (Greeley), 39
oxen, supply wagons drawn by, 234
Pacific, 115
Pacific Railroad Act (1862), 77–81, 83, 89, 94, 101–2, 108, 111, 147, 253–54, 257, 270–71, 306, 370
Pacific Railroad Act (1864), 94–96, 123, 143, 147, 254, 271
Pacific Railroad Museum, 66, 67
Pacific Railway Commission, U.S., 301
Palisade Canyon, 306
Panama, sea routes via, 49–50, 51, 52, 147, 249
Panama Canal, 17
paper money, 102
Partridge, A. P., 206, 237
“Passage to India” (Whitman), 358, 370
passenger service, 121–22, 124, 148–49, 187, 203, 222, 306–7, 323–25
Patterson, J. W., 185
Pawnee, 172, 173, 186, 265–66
Pawnee Killer (Cheyenne chief), 222, 225, 226
Pennsylvania, rail manufacture in, 28
Pennsylvania Fiscal Agency, 92–93
Perkins, J. R., 38, 85
pile driver, 107
Platte River Valley, 36–37, 87, 130–31, 140–43, 168, 183, 189, 212
Plum Creek, Indian attack near, 222–23, 225
Polk, James K., 42
polygamy, 281
Pony Express, 76
Poor, Henry V., 26, 82, 84, 89, 226, 231
Pope, John, 173
Populist Party, 80
postcombat trauma, 218
Powell, John Wesley, 275n
Practical Plan for Building the Pacific Railroad, A (Judah), 59–60
prairie dogs, 141
Pratt, Milando, 293
Price, Hiram, 94
Progressive Party, 80
Promontory, Utah, 316, 317, 319, 327, 352, 353
Promontory Mountains, 202, 255, 296, 327, 332–33, 338, 350
Promontory Summit, 362–63, 371, 372
prostitution, 217, 218, 219, 269
Pullman, George, 186
Pullman Palace Sleeping Car Company, 185, 369–70
Pusey, W.H.M., 23, 38, 39
rail chair, 57
railroads:
building costs of, 57, 133
Cheyenne museum on, 221
consolidation of, 246
curves on, 57, 78
development engendered by, 167–69, 176
financing of, 58
inclines climbed by, 57, 66, 125
land grants for, 30
management systems of, 99–100
military construction of, 84–85, 96
operating accidents of, 268–69
passenger conditions in, 24–25, 222
profitability of, 58
speed of, 57
state regulations developed on, 29–30
tax exemptions given to, 29
technological improvements of, 268
track structure of, 57
U.S. growth of, 28, 29, 35, 133–34, 371
as vehicle of U.S. expansion, 25
see also Central Pacific Railroad; transcontinental railroad; Union Pacific Railroad
railroad workers, see construction workers
rails, cost of, 301
rain, 208, 212, 361
Ralston, William, 292
Rawlins, John A., 220, 223–24, 344, 367
Rawlins Springs, Wyo., 224, 251, 262
Red Desert, 223, 251
Redfield, William, 27
Reed, Peter, 40, 84
Reed, Samuel B., 349
in administrative hierarchy, 172, 174, 176, 187, 211, 273, 286
at completion ceremony, 361, 363, 364, 365, 366
as construction superintendent, 170, 172, 174–76, 183, 190, 227, 254, 256–61
on CP rivalry, 258–59
on Indian threat, 132, 183, 227
management conflict noted by, 212
overwork of, 258, 324, 330
rates of progress reported by, 176, 208, 261
on Salt Lake City, 129
in UP surveying parties, 91, 128, 135, 144, 220, 279
on vice, 218, 257–58
weather conditions monitored by, 207–8
on westward U.S. migration, 129
on Young’s construction contract, 261, 279, 282, 283, 284, 289, 290, 294
Reeder, Clarence, 287
Reno, Jesse Lee, 304
Reno, Nev., 299, 304, 308, 311
Republican Party, 23, 39–40, 66, 67, 71, 100
Rhodes, W. H., 311–12
Richardson, Albert D., 159–60, 278
Richardson, H. H., 380
riding bosses, 201
Riegel, Robert E., 105
rifles, 264
Robinson, L. L., 111, 122–23
Rockefeller, John D., 270
Rocket, 27
Rock Island and Pacific Railroad, 30
Rock Island Railroad Company, 24, 32, 35, 36, 40, 41
Rocky Mountain Press Club, 275
Rocky Mountains, 87, 207, 225, 252
Roosevelt, Theodore, 153
Root, Henry, 160, 201
Rusling, James, 240
Russell, Andrew, 260, 328, 337, 365, 366–67
Russell, Robert, 76, 79
Russia, Trans-Siberian Railway construction in, 18
Ryan, Father, 219
Sacramento, 236
Sacramento Union, payoffs to, 120
Sacramento Valley Railroad, 55, 56, 57–58, 68, 104, 105, 110, 111, 122
Salt Lake City, Utah:
CP-UP rivalry and, 243
founding of, 278, 279
neatness of, 129
on railroad routes, 128, 238, 239, 279–80, 281, 285, 286, 289, 372–73
San Francisco, Calif.:
Chinese population of, 151–52
CP financial aid from, 109, 148
Sargent, Aaron A., 76, 77–78, 108, 380
Savage, C. R., 354–55, 365
Schill, Samuel, 287
Scott, A. B., 123
scrapers, 138
Second Bank of the United States, 83n
Seward, William, 90, 360
Seymour, Horatio, 55, 56, 91
Seymour, M. F., 258
Seymour, Silas, 186, 349, 363
in administrative hierarchy, 172, 271
Judah recommended by, 55
in route disputes, 98, 271–73
Sacramento Valley Railroad and, 55, 56
on UP achievement, 340
as UP consulting engineer, 91, 98, 172, 271, 342
Young’s contracts with, 282, 283, 289
Shannon, Fred, 376
Sharp, John, 285, 287, 290, 364
Sharp & Young, 285, 290
Shay, Michael, 349
sheep grazing, 267
Sheffield, Joseph, 32
shell shock, 218
Sheridan, Philip, 96, 98, 173, 272, 273
Sherman, Charles T., 96, 139
Sherman, John, 63, 94, 185, 281–82, 339
Sherman, William T., 18, 94
California business interests of, 55, 62
in Civil War, 96, 97, 123, 182
Dodge’s relationship with, 96–97, 98, 131–32, 171, 210, 215, 273
on gold rush, 54
Grant’s election supported by, 272
on Indian campaigns, 131–32, 174, 183, 211, 214, 215, 223, 225–26, 266
on naval transport to California, 51–52, 53, 368
as promoter of railroads, 185
recruitment shortages noted by, 211
on transcontinental project, 63, 171, 271, 357, 367–68, 382
troop transport by railroads foreseen by, 184–85, 215, 345
Sherman Pass, 223, 227, 251
Sherman Summit, 251, 259, 260, 271, 340, 380
Shilling, W. N., 365–66
Sierra Nevada mountains:
border determination on, 108–9, 149
1866 survey of, 145–46
railroad route over, 19, 66–70, 72–75, 81, 118, 146–47, 231, 306–8, 343
Summit Tunnel through, 160–62, 194, 199–202, 204, 206, 232, 235–36, 239, 244, 247
as timber resource, 310
Sioux, 130, 135, 172–73, 209, 211, 214, 216, 223, 225, 265, 266
slang terms, 182
slavery, 356
freedom from, 86, 152, 177, 211, 250
transcontinental route decision impeded by, 31, 36, 43, 60, 63, 76
Small, Hank, 307
Smith, Joseph, 279
Smoot, Bill, 295–96
snow, 75, 147, 195, 197–98, 203–6, 208, 231, 232–33, 239, 259, 323–25
snowsheds, 234–35, 245, 302–4
Snyder, Webster, 257, 258, 324, 325, 329, 344
Southern Pacific Railroad, 165, 246, 377–78, 379
spikes, 57, 181
Spotted Tail (Sioux Indian), 209, 210
Springfield rifle, 265
stable bosses, 137
stagecoach service, 345, 362
Stanford, Asa Philip, 113
Stanford, Leland, 19, 113, 245, 255
business interests of, 72, 73, 104
on Chinese immigrant workers, 150, 164, 243
at completion ceremony, 360, 361, 363, 364, 365, 366, 367
on construction management, 200, 237, 291
construction photos arranged by, 122
CP financial management and, 121, 147, 149, 246–47, 301, 335
CP holdings of, 43, 105
on Crocker’s financial position, 165
on eastern railroad limit, 326–27, 330
financing sought by, 106, 108, 109
on grading difficulties, 163, 332
groundbreaking by, 106–7, 362
later years of, 379–80
Mormon contracts handled by, 288–90, 291–92, 306, 315–16
in politics, 62, 72, 74, 196, 243, 380
on profitability of eastern route, 238
promotional events handled by, 106–7, 118, 121, 159
railroad consolidation backed by, 246
on rate of progress, 300, 306, 316–17
reputation of, 270
snowsheds approved by, 302, 304
on subsidy bonds, 367
on UP-CP rivalry, 291–92, 312, 316–17, 331, 335
wagon road owned by, 76
Stanford, Leland, Jr., 380
Stanley, Henry Morton, 130, 179, 182, 218, 266
Stanton, Elizabeth Cady, 229
state universities, 79n
steam power, 32, 42
Stephenson, George, 25, 27
Stevens, Robert L., 57
Stevens, Thaddeus, 78
Stevenson, Robert Louis, 45
Stewart, Joseph P., 95–96
Stewart, William M., 339
Strobridge, Hanna Maria, 198–99, 314, 364
Strobridge, James Harvey, 19, 120, 244, 382
background of, 120
on Big Trestle construction, 338
blasting operations run by, 156, 200, 201, 235
on Chinese laborers, 149–50, 152, 164, 241, 243
at completion ceremony, 365, 366
construction pace and, 236, 239, 300–301, 322–23, 346, 347, 348
discipline maintained by, 120, 164, 198
on drilling technologies, 236–37
family life of, 198–99, 314
hiring policies of, 148, 149–50, 161, 198
supplies organized by, 308, 315, 322–23, 328, 362
on weather difficulties, 197–98, 204, 206, 305
work crews organized by, 156, 163, 203, 305, 327, 350, 351
Strong, Daniel W. “Doc,” 69–70, 71, 73, 74, 75, 108, 112, 113, 115
Suez Canal, 370
Sullivan, Michael, 349
Summit Tunnel, 160–62, 194, 199–202, 204, 206, 232, 235–36, 239, 244, 247
surveyors, 19, 125–29, 134–36, 140–43, 144, 215–16, 262–65, 326
Sweet, Cyrus, 363
switchbacks, 25, 78
swiveling truck, 25
tallow-pot, 182
Taylor, Bayard, 169
Taylor, John, 368
T. D. Judah, 115
telegraph lines, 67, 76, 167, 250, 257, 258, 279, 292, 314, 315, 357, 365, 369–70
Thatcher, Moses, 169
Thayer, John M., 185, 210
Thayer, Sam, 153
Thompson, A. L., 258
tie-down, 182
tie layers, 180, 181–82
timber supplies, 135, 139–40, 154, 189, 254, 309–10
Tipton, F. W., 185
Todd, John, 357
track layers, 118, 139, 275–76, 311–12, 315, 329, 346–52
Train, George Francis, 86, 88, 90, 92–93, 96, 186, 191
transcontinental railroad:
completion ceremonies of, 354, 356, 360–68
congressional legislation on, 77–81, 83, 89, 94–96, 101–2, 108, 111, 123, 143, 147, 193–94
economic benefits of, 249–50, 253, 369–71
government financial aid on, 19, 58, 60, 64, 80–81, 87–88, 94–95, 252–55, 330–31, 333–35, 367, 377
grades used in, 66, 69, 74, 78, 119
land grants to, 60, 64, 81, 95, 253, 375–77
media enthrallment with, 185
meeting point of, 95, 254–55, 291, 339–40, 345, 358
mileage of, 18
mineral rights near, 95
passenger and freight charges on, 369, 376
political backing on, 39–41, 58–61, 279
popular support of, 24–25, 26, 27, 30, 32, 63, 101–2, 144, 149, 185, 194, 221–22, 249, 253, 345, 356–58
profitability of, 19
right of way along sides of, 80
route chosen for, 24, 26, 27, 31, 32–39, 40–41, 59, 60–61, 63, 66–67, 125–29, 326
speed of, 357, 369
Washington promotional efforts on, 59–61, 64–68, 75–76, 193, 194
Western European enthusiasm on, 250
see also Central Pacific Railroad; Union Pacific Railroad
transcontinental railroad construction:
CP-UP rivalry in, 155, 193–94, 201, 203, 225, 230–31, 238–39, 241, 242–43, 244, 247, 248, 249, 252, 274, 277, 282–83, 290–92, 300, 304–5, 306, 313, 316–17, 322–23, 331, 333–35, 337–40, 341–42, 346–52, 362–63, 365, 371–72
criticisms of, 252–53
disputed territory in, 330–31, 333–35, 339–40
end of, 352–55
geological challenges of, 250–52
pace of progress in, 20, 178, 194, 252
parallel grades in, 255, 277, 290–92, 306, 327, 353, 371–72
speed vs. quality of, 19, 20, 252, 371
supply routes for, 19–20, 249
water sources planned in, 127
workforce on, 21–22, 378–79
see also construction workers
Trans-Siberian Railway, 18
trestles, 26, 124, 139, 154–55, 338–39
Truckee River, 201, 202, 231, 237, 244, 304, 305, 307–8, 309
tunnels, 20
blasting powder used on, 160–61, 328
Chinese workers vs. Cornish miners in excavation of, 199–200
cost of, 104, 161, 235–36, 291
in granite, 147, 155–56, 231–32, 235
hoisting engine used in work on, 199
nitroglycerin blasting of, 200–201, 235–36, 288, 328
physical demands of work on, 21
Summit, 160–62, 194, 199–202, 204, 206, 232, 235–36, 239, 244, 247
switchbacks vs., 78
on UP line, 207, 288, 295, 327–28
weather delays on, 197, 203, 204–5, 207, 232–34
Tweed, William M. “Boss,” 336
Tweed, William M., Jr., 336, 339
Union Pacific Railroad (UP):
board of directors of, 83–84, 128
