One Thousand and One Nights, page 294
The Khalif cast a terrible look at the accused youth and said to him, ‘Thou hearest the complaint of these young men; what hast thou to say in reply?’ Now he was stout of heart and ready of speech, having doffed the wede of faint-heartedness and put off the apparel of affright; so he smiled and after paying the usual ceremonial compliment to the Khalif, in the most eloquent and elegant words, said, ‘O Commander of the Faithful, I have given ear to their complaint, and they have said sooth in that which they avouch, so far as they have set out what befell; and the commandment of God is a decreed decree. But I will state my case before thee, and thine be it to decide thereon.
Know then, O Commander of the Faithful, that I am a very Arab of the Arabs, the noblest of those that are beneath the skies. I grew up in the dwellings of the desert, till evil and hostile times fell upon my tribe, when I came to the utterward of this town, with my children and good and household. As I went along one of the paths between the gardens, with my she-camels, high in esteem with me and precious to me, and midst them a stallion of noble race and goodly shape, a plenteous getter, by whom the females bore abundantly and who walked among them, as he were a crowned king, — behold, one of the she-camels broke away and running to the garden of these young men’s father, began to crop the branches that showed above the wall. I ran to her, to drive her away, when there appeared, at a breach of the wall, an old man, whose eyes sparkled with anger, holding a stone in his right hand and swaying to and fro, like a lion preparing for a spring. He cast the stone at my stallion, and it struck him in a vital part and killed him. When I saw the stallion drop dead beside me, live coals of anger were kindled in my heart; so I took up the stone and throwing it at the old man, it was the cause of his end: thus his own wrongful act returned against him and the man was slain of that wherewith he slew. When the stone struck him, he cried out with a terrible great cry, and I hastened from the spot; but these young men hurried after me and laying hands on me, carried me before thee.’
Quoth Omar, (may God the Most High accept of him), ‘Thou hast confessed thy crime and acquittal is impossible; for [the law of] retaliation is imperative and there is no time of escape.’ ‘I hear and obey the judgment of the Imam,’ answered the Bedouin, ‘and am content to submit me to the requirement of the law of Islam; but I have a young brother, whose old father, before his death, appointed to him great store of wealth and much gold and committed his affair to me, saying, “I give this into thy hand for thy brother; keep it for him with thy might.” So I took the money and buried it; nor doth any know of it but I. Now, if thou adjudge me to die forthright, the money will be lost and thou wilt be the cause of its loss; wherefore the little one will sue thee for his due on the day when God shall judge His creatures. But, if thou wilt grant me three days’ delay, I will appoint one to undertake the boy’s affair, in my stead, and return to answer my debt; and I have one who will be my surety for this my word.’
The Khalif bowed his head awhile, then raised it and looking round upon those present, said, ‘Who will be surety to me for his return?’ The Bedouin looked at the faces of those who were in company and pointing to Abou Dherr, said, ‘This man will answer for me and be my surety.’ ‘O Abou Dherr,’ said Omar, ‘dost thou hear what this youth says and wilt thou be surety to me for his return?’ ‘Yes, O Commander of the Faithful,’ answered Abou Dherr, ‘I will be surety for him three days.’ So the Khalif accepted his guarantee and let the young man go.
Now, at the appointed time, when the days of grace were nearly or quite at end and still the Bedouin came not, the Khalif sat in his council, with the Companions surrounding him, like the stars about the moon, Abou Dherr and the plaintiffs being also present; and the latter said, ‘O Abou Dherr, where is the defendant and how shall he return, having once escaped? But we will not stir hence, till thou bring him to us, that we may take our wreak of him.’ ‘As the All-Wise King liveth,’ replied Abou Dherr, ‘if the days of grace expire and the young man return not, I will fulfil my warranty and surrender myself to the Imam.’ ‘By Allah,’ rejoined Omar, ‘if the young man tarry, I will assuredly execute on Abou Dherr that which is prescribed by the law of Islam!’ Thereupon the eyes of the bystanders ran over with tears; those who looked on raised groans, and great was the clamour. Then the chiefs of the Companions were instant with the plaintiffs to accept the bloodwit and win the thanks of the folk, but they refused and would nothing but the talion. However, as the folk were swaying to and fro and clamorously bemoaning Abou Dherr, up came the young Bedouin, with face beaded with sweat and shining like the new moon, and standing before the Imam, saluted him right fairly and said to him, ‘I have given the boy in charge to his mother’s brothers and have made them acquainted with all that pertains to his affairs and let them into the secret of his good; after which I braved the heats of midday and am come to redeem the promise of a free-born man.’
The folk marvelled at his good faith and loyalty and his intrepid offering himself to death; and one said to him, ‘How noble a youth art thou and how loyal to thy promise and thy duty!’ ‘Are ye not certified,’ rejoined he, ‘that when death presenteth itself none can escape from it? And indeed I have kept faith, that it be not said, “Loyalty is gone from among men.”’ ‘By Allah, O Commander of the Faithful,’ said Abou Dherr, ‘I became warrant for this young man, without knowing to what tribe he belonged, nor had I seen him before that day; but when he turned away from all else who were present and singled me out, saying, “This man will answer for me and be my surety,” I thought ill to refuse him, and humanity forbade to baulk his expectation, there being no harm in compliance with his desire, that it be not said, “Benevolence is gone from among men.”’ Then said the two young men, ‘O Commander of the Faithful, we forgive this youth our father’s blood, — seeing that [by his noble behaviour] he hath changed desolation into cheer, — that it be not said, “Humanity is gone from among men.”’
The Khalif rejoiced in the acquittance of the young Bedouin and his truth and good faith; moreover, he extolled the humanity of Abou Dherr, over all his companions, and approved the benevolent resolve of the two young men, giving them grateful praise and applying to their case the saying of the poet:
He who doth good among the folk shall be repaid again; For works of Good are never lost betwixten God and men.
Then he offered to pay them, from the Treasury, the bloodwit for their father; but they refused, saying, ‘We forgave him but of our desire unto God the Bountiful, the Exalted; and he who is thus minded followeth not his benefits with reproach neither mischief.’
John Payne’s translation: detailed table of contents
THE KHALIF EL MAMOUN AND THE PYRAMIDS OF EGYPT.
It is told that the Khalif El Mamoun, son of Haroun er Reshid, when he entered the [God-]guarded city of Cairo, was minded to pull down the Pyramids, that he might take what was therein; but, when he went about to do this, he could not avail thereto, for all his endeavour. He expended great sums of money in the attempt, but only succeeded in opening up a small gallery in one of them, wherein he found treasure, to the exact amount of the money he had spent in the works, neither more nor less; at which he marvelled and taking what he found there, desisted from his intent.
Now the Pyramids are three in number, and they are one of the wonders of the world; nor is there on the face of the earth their like for height and fashion and skilful ordinance; for they are builded of immense rocks, and they who built them proceeded by piercing one block of stone and setting therein upright rods of iron; after which they pierced a second block of stone and lowered it upon the first. Then they poured melted lead upon the joints and set the blocks in geometrical order, till the building was complete. The height of each pyramid was a hundred cubits, of the measure of the time, and it was four- square, each side three hundred cubits long, at the bottom, and sloping upward thence to a point. The ancients say that, in the western Pyramid, are thirty chambers of vari-coloured granite, full of precious stones and treasures galore and rare images and utensils and costly arms, which latter are anointed with magical unguents, so that they may not rust till the day of Resurrection. Therein, also, are vessels of glass, that will bend and not break, containing various kinds of compound drugs and medicinal waters. In the second Pyramid are the records of the priests, written on tablets of granite, — to each priest his tablet, on which are set out the wonders of his craft and his achievements; and on the walls are figures like idols, working with their hands at all manner crafts and seated on thrones. To each pyramid there is a guardian, that keeps watch over it and guards it, to all eternity, against the ravages of time and the vicissitudes of events; and indeed the marvels of these pyramids astound all who have eyes and wit. Many are the poems that describe them, thou shalt profit no great matter thereby, and among the rest, quoth one of them:
The high resolves of kings, if they would have them to abide In
memory, after them, are in the tongues of monuments.
Dost thou not see the Pyramids? They, of a truth, endure And
change not for the shifts of time or chances of events.
And again:
Consider but the Pyramids and lend an ear to all They tell of
bygone times and that which did of yore befall.
Could they but speak, assuredly they would to us relate What
time and fate have done with first and last and great and
small.
And again:
I prithee, tell me, friend of mine, stands there beneath the
sky A building with the Pyramids of Egypt that can vie
In skilful ordinance? Behold, Time’s self’s afraid of them,
Though of all else upon the earth ’tis dreaded, low and
high.
My sight no longer rests upon their wondrous ordinance, Yet are
they present evermore unto my spirit’s eye.
And again:
Where’s he the Pyramids who built? What was his tribe, His time
and what the place where he was stricken dead?
The monuments survive their lords awhile; then death O’ertaketh
them and they fall prostrate in their stead.
John Payne’s translation: detailed table of contents
THE THIEF TURNED MERCHANT AND THE OTHER THIEF.
There was once a thief who repented to God the Most High and making good his repentance, opened himself a shop for the sale of stuffs, where he continued to trade awhile. One day, he locked his shop and went home; and in the night there came to the bazaar a cunning thief, disguised in the habit of the merchant, and pulling out keys from his sleeve, said to the watchman of the market, ‘Light me this candle.’ So the watchman took the candle and went to get a light, whilst the thief opened the shop and lit another candle he had with him. When the watchman came back, he found him seated in the shop, looking over the account-books and reckoning with his fingers; nor did he leave to do thus till point of day, when he said to the man, ‘Fetch me a camel-driver and his camel, to carry some goods for me.’ So the man fetched him a camel, and the thief took four bales of stuffs and gave them to the camel-driver, who loaded them on his beast. Then he gave the watchman two dirhems and went away after the camel-driver, the watchman the while believing him to be the owner of the shop.
Next morning, the merchant came and the watchman greeted him with blessings, because of the two dirhems, much to the surprise of the former, who knew not what he meant. When he opened his shop, he saw the droppings of the wax and the account-book lying on the floor, and looking round, found four bales of stuffs missing. So he asked the watchman what had happened and he told him what had passed in the night, whereupon the merchant bade him fetch the camel-driver and said to the latter, ‘Whither didst thou carry the stuffs?’ ‘To such a wharf,’ answered the driver; ‘and I stowed them on board such a vessel.’ ‘Come with me thither,’ said the merchant. So the camel-driver carried him to the wharf and showed him the barque and her owner. Quoth the merchant to the latter, ‘Whither didst thou carry the merchant and the stuff?’ ‘To such a place,’ answered the master, ‘where he fetched a camel-driver and setting the bales on the camel, went I know not whither.’ ‘Fetch me the camel-driver,’ said the merchant; so he fetched him and the merchant said to him, ‘Whither didst thou carry the bales of stuffs from the ship?’ ‘To such a khan,’ answered he. ‘Come thither with me and show it to me,’ said the merchant.
So the camel-driver went with him to a khan at a distance from the shore, where he had set down the stuffs, and showed him the mock merchant’s magazine, which he opened and found therein his four bales untouched and unopened. The thief had laid his mantle over them; so the merchant took the bales and the cloak and delivered them to the camel-driver, who laid them on his camel; after which the merchant locked the magazine and went away with the camel-driver. On the way, he met the thief, who followed him, till he had shipped the bales, when he said to him, ‘O my brother (God have thee in His keeping!), thou hast recovered thy goods, and nought of them is lost; so give me back my cloak.’ The merchant laughed and giving him back his cloak, let him go unhindered.
John Payne’s translation: detailed table of contents
MESROUR THE EUNUCH AND IBN EL CARIBI
The Khalif Haroun er Reshid was very restless one night; so he said to his Vizier Jaafer, ‘I am sleepless tonight and my heart is oppressed and I know not what to do.’ Now his henchman Mesrour was standing before him, and he laughed. Quoth the Khalif, ‘Dost thou laugh in derision of me or art thou mad?’ ‘Neither, by Allah, O Commander of the Faithful,’ answered Mesrour, ‘by thy kinship to the Prince of Apostles, I did it not of my free-will; but I went out yesterday to walk and coming to the bank of the Tigris, saw there the folk collected about a man named Ibn el Caribi, who was making them laugh; and but now I recalled what he said, and laughter got the better of me; and I crave pardon of thee, O Commander of the Faithful!’ ‘Bring him to me forthright,’ said the Khalif. So Mesrour repaired in all haste to Ibn el Caribi and said to him, ‘The Commander of the Faithful calls for thee.’ ‘I hear and obey,’ answered the droll. ‘But on condition,’ added Mesrour, ‘that, if he give thee aught, thou shalt have a fourth and the rest shall be mine.’ ‘Nay,’ replied the other, ‘thou shalt have half and I half.’ ‘Not so,’ insisted Mesrour; ‘I will have three- quarters.’ ‘Thou shalt have two-thirds, then,’ rejoined Ibn el Caribi; ‘and I the other third.’ To this Mesrour agreed, after much haggling, and they returned to the palace together.
When Ibn el Caribi came into the Khalif’s presence, he saluted him, as became his rank, and stood before him; whereupon said Er Reshid to him, ‘If thou do not make me laugh, I will give thee three blows with this bag.’ Quoth Ibn el Caribi in himself, ‘Three strokes with that bag were a small matter, seeing that beating with whips irketh me not;’ for he thought the bag was empty. Then he clapped into a discourse, such as would make a stone laugh, and gave vent to all manner of drolleries; but the Khalif laughed not neither smiled, whereat Ibn el Caribi marvelled and was chagrined and affrighted. Then said the Khalif, ‘Now hast thou earned the beating,’ and gave him a blow with the bag, in which were four pebbles, each two pounds in weight. The blow fell on his neck and he gave a great cry, then calling to mind his compact with Mesrour, said, ‘Pardon, O Commander of the Faithful! Hear two words from me.’ ‘Say on,’ replied the Khalif. Quoth Ibn el Caribi, ‘Mesrour made it a condition with me that, whatsoever might come to me of the bounties of the Commander of the Faithful, one-third thereof should be mine and the rest his; nor did he agree to leave me so much as one-third save after much haggling. Now thou hast bestowed on me nothing but beating; I have had my share and here stands he, ready to receive his; so give him the two other blows.’
When the Khalif heard this, he laughed till he fell backward; then calling Mesrour, he gave him a blow, whereat he cried out and said, ‘O Commander of the Faithful, one-third sufficeth me: give him the two-thirds.’ The Khalif laughed at them and ordered them a thousand diners each, and they went away, rejoicing.
John Payne’s translation: detailed table of contents
THE DEVOUT PRINCE.
The Khalif Haroun er Reshid had a son, who, from the time he attained the age of sixteen, renounced the world and walked in the way of ascetics and devotees. He was wont to go out to the tombs and say, ‘Behold, ye that lie here once possessed the world, but that was no deliverer for you [from death], and now are ye come to your graves! Would God I knew what ye say and what is said to you!’ And he wept, as one weeps that is troubled and fearful, and repeated the words of the poet:
Whene’er the funerals pass, my heart with fear is torn, And the wailing of the mourners maketh me to mourn.
One day, as he sat among the tombs, according to his wont, his father passed by, in all his state, surrounded by his viziers and grandees and the officers of his household, who saw the Khalif’s son, with a gown of woollen stuff on his body and a cowl of the same on his head, and said to one another, ‘This youth dishonours the Commander of the Faithful among Kings: but, if he reproved him, he would leave his present way of life.’ The Khalif heard what they said; so he bespoke his son of this, saying, ‘O my son, thou puttest me to shame by thy present way of life.’ The young man looked at him and made no reply: then he beckoned to a bird, that was perched on the battlements of the palace, and said to it, ‘O bird, I conjure thee, by Him who created thee, alight upon my hand.’ And straightway it flew down and perched on his hand. Quoth he, ‘Return to thy place;’ and it did so. Then he said, ‘Alight on the hand of the Commander of the Faithful;’ but it refused, and he said to his father, ‘It is thou that puttest me to shame, amongst the friends of God, by thy love of the world; and now I am resolved to depart from thee, never to return to thee, save in the world to come.’ Then he went down to Bassora, where he fell to working with those that wrought in mud, taking, as his day’s hire, but a dirhem and a danic. With the danic he fed himself and gave alms of the dirhem.
